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diff --git a/Documentation/gpu/nova/core/pramin.rst b/Documentation/gpu/nova/core/pramin.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..f50b052d73ba --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/gpu/nova/core/pramin.rst @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +========================= +PRAMIN aperture mechanism +========================= + +.. note:: + The following description is approximate and current as of the Ampere + family. It may change for future generations and is intended to assist in + understanding the driver code. + +Introduction +============ + +PRAMIN is a hardware aperture mechanism that provides CPU access to GPU Video +RAM (VRAM) before the GPU's Memory Management Unit (MMU) and page tables are +initialized. This 1 MiB sliding window, located at a fixed offset within BAR0, +is essential for setting up page tables and other critical GPU data structures +without relying on the GPU's MMU. + +Architecture Overview +===================== + +The PRAMIN aperture mechanism is logically implemented by the GPU's PBUS (PCIe +Bus Controller Unit) and provides a CPU-accessible window into VRAM through the +PCIe interface:: + + +-----------------+ PCIe +------------------------------+ + | CPU |<----------->| GPU | + +-----------------+ | | + | +----------------------+ | + | | PBUS | | + | | (Bus Controller) | | + | | | | + | | +--------------+ <------------ [1] + | | | PRAMIN | | | + | | | Window | | | + | | | (1 MiB) | | | + | | +--------------+ | | + | | | | | + | +---------|------------+ | + | | | + | v | + | +----------------------+ <------- [2] + | | VRAM | | + | | (Several GiB) | | + | | | | + | | FB[0x0000000000] | | + | | ... | | + | | FB[0xFFFFFFFFFF] | | + | +----------------------+ | + +------------------------------+ + + [1] Window starts at BAR0 + 0x700000. + [2] Program PRAMIN to any 64 KiB-aligned VRAM boundary. + +PBUS is responsible for, among other things, handling MMIO +accesses to the BAR registers. + +PRAMIN Window Operation +======================= + +The PRAMIN window provides a 1 MiB sliding aperture that can be repositioned +over the entire VRAM address space using the ``NV_PBUS_BAR0_WINDOW`` register. + +Window Control Mechanism +------------------------- + +:: + + NV_PBUS_BAR0_WINDOW Register (0x1700): + +-------+--------+--------------------------------------+ + | 31:26 | 25:24 | 23:0 | + | RSVD | TARGET | BASE_ADDR | + | | | (bits 39:16 of VRAM address) | + +-------+--------+--------------------------------------+ + + The 24-bit BASE_ADDR field encodes bits [39:16] of the target VRAM address, + providing 40-bit (1 TiB) address space coverage with 64 KiB alignment. + + TARGET field (bits 25:24): + - 0x0: VRAM (Video Memory) + - 0x1: Reserved (unused) + - 0x2: SYS_MEM_COH (Coherent System Memory) + - 0x3: SYS_MEM_NONCOH (Non-coherent System Memory) + +.. note:: + Nova only uses TARGET=VRAM (0x0) for video memory access. The SYS_MEM + target values are documented here for hardware completeness but are + not used by the driver. + +64 KiB Alignment Requirement +---------------------------- + +The PRAMIN window must be aligned to 64 KiB boundaries in VRAM. This is enforced +by the ``BASE_ADDR`` field representing bits [39:16] of the target address:: + + VRAM Address Calculation: + actual_vram_addr = (BASE_ADDR << 16) + pramin_offset + Where: + - BASE_ADDR: 24-bit value from NV_PBUS_BAR0_WINDOW[23:0] + - pramin_offset: 20-bit offset within the PRAMIN window [0x00000-0xFFFFF] + + Example Window Positioning: + +---------------------------------------------------------+ + | VRAM Space | + | | + | 0x0000000000 +-----------------+ <-- 64 KiB aligned | + | | PRAMIN Window | | + | | (1 MiB) | | + | 0x00000FFFFF +-----------------+ | + | | + | | ^ | + | | | Window can slide | + | v | to any 64 KiB-aligned boundary | + | | + | 0x0123400000 +-----------------+ <-- 64 KiB aligned | + | | PRAMIN Window | | + | | (1 MiB) | | + | 0x01234FFFFF +-----------------+ | + | | + | ... | + | | + | 0xFFFFF00000 +-----------------+ <-- 64 KiB aligned | + | | PRAMIN Window | | + | | (1 MiB) | | + | 0xFFFFFFFFFF +-----------------+ | + +---------------------------------------------------------+ |