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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
"""Display r/w activity for all processes."""
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
from collections import defaultdict
import sys
from typing import Optional, Dict, List, Tuple, Any
import perf
class RwByPid:
"""Tracks and displays read/write activity by PID."""
def __init__(self) -> None:
self.reads: Dict[int, Dict[str, Any]] = defaultdict(
lambda: {
"bytes_requested": 0,
"bytes_read": 0,
"total_reads": 0,
"comm": "",
"errors": defaultdict(int),
}
)
self.writes: Dict[int, Dict[str, Any]] = defaultdict(
lambda: {
"bytes_requested": 0,
"bytes_written": 0,
"total_writes": 0,
"comm": "",
"errors": defaultdict(int),
}
)
self.unhandled: Dict[str, int] = defaultdict(int)
self.session: Optional[perf.session] = None
def _handle_sys_enter_read(self, pid: int, comm: str, sample: perf.sample_event) -> None:
try:
count = sample.count
self.reads[pid]["bytes_requested"] += count
self.reads[pid]["total_reads"] += 1
self.reads[pid]["comm"] = comm
except AttributeError:
self.unhandled["sys_enter_read_attr_err"] += 1
def _handle_sys_exit_read(self, pid: int, sample: perf.sample_event, comm: str = "") -> None:
try:
ret = sample.ret
# Convert unsigned 64-bit or 32-bit tracepoint return values to signed integers.
# Because kernel read/write transfers are bounded by MAX_RW_COUNT (0x7ffff000 < 2 GiB),
# 0xfffff000..0xffffffff is always a 32-bit negative errno even on 64-bit hosts.
if ret >= 0x8000000000000000:
ret -= 0x10000000000000000
elif 0xfffff000 <= ret <= 0xffffffff:
ret -= 0x100000000
if not self.reads[pid]["comm"] and comm:
self.reads[pid]["comm"] = comm
if ret >= 0:
self.reads[pid]["bytes_read"] += ret
else:
self.reads[pid]["errors"][ret] += 1
except AttributeError:
self.unhandled["sys_exit_read_attr_err"] += 1
def _handle_sys_enter_write(self, pid: int, comm: str, sample: perf.sample_event) -> None:
try:
count = sample.count
self.writes[pid]["bytes_requested"] += count
self.writes[pid]["total_writes"] += 1
self.writes[pid]["comm"] = comm
except AttributeError:
self.unhandled["sys_enter_write_attr_err"] += 1
def _handle_sys_exit_write(self, pid: int, sample: perf.sample_event, comm: str = "") -> None:
try:
ret = sample.ret
# Convert unsigned 64-bit or 32-bit tracepoint return values to signed integers.
# Because kernel read/write transfers are bounded by MAX_RW_COUNT (0x7ffff000 < 2 GiB),
# 0xfffff000..0xffffffff is always a 32-bit negative errno even on 64-bit hosts.
if ret >= 0x8000000000000000:
ret -= 0x10000000000000000
elif 0xfffff000 <= ret <= 0xffffffff:
ret -= 0x100000000
if not self.writes[pid]["comm"] and comm:
self.writes[pid]["comm"] = comm
if ret >= 0:
self.writes[pid]["bytes_written"] += ret
else:
self.writes[pid]["errors"][ret] += 1
except AttributeError:
self.unhandled["sys_exit_write_attr_err"] += 1
def process_event(self, sample: perf.sample_event) -> None:
"""Process events."""
event_name = str(sample.evsel)
if event_name.startswith("evsel(") and event_name.endswith(")"):
event_name = event_name[6:-1]
event_name = "".join(c if c.isprintable() else "?" for c in event_name)
pid = sample.sample_pid
assert self.session is not None
try:
thread = self.session.find_thread(pid, sample.sample_tid)
comm = (thread.comm() if thread else None) or "unknown"
except (TypeError, AttributeError):
comm = "unknown"
comm = "".join(c if c.isprintable() else "?" for c in comm)
if event_name == "syscalls:sys_enter_read":
self._handle_sys_enter_read(pid, comm, sample)
elif event_name == "syscalls:sys_exit_read":
self._handle_sys_exit_read(pid, sample, comm)
elif event_name == "syscalls:sys_enter_write":
self._handle_sys_enter_write(pid, comm, sample)
elif event_name == "syscalls:sys_exit_write":
self._handle_sys_exit_write(pid, sample, comm)
else:
self.unhandled[event_name] += 1
def print_totals(self) -> None:
"""Print summary tables."""
print("read counts by pid:\n")
print(
f"{'pid':>6s} {'comm':<20s} {'# reads':>10s} "
f"{'bytes_requested':>15s} {'bytes_read':>10s}"
)
print(f"{'-'*6} {'-'*20} {'-'*10} {'-'*15} {'-'*10}")
for pid, data in sorted(self.reads.items(),
key=lambda kv: kv[1]["bytes_read"], reverse=True):
print(
f"{pid:6d} {data['comm']:<20s} {data['total_reads']:10d} "
f"{data['bytes_requested']:15d} {data['bytes_read']:10d}"
)
print("\nfailed reads by pid:\n")
print(f"{'pid':>6s} {'comm':<20s} {'error #':>7s} {'# errors':>10s}")
print(f"{'-'*6} {'-'*20} {'-'*7} {'-'*10}")
errcounts: List[Tuple[int, str, int, int]] = []
for pid, data in self.reads.items():
for error, count in data["errors"].items():
errcounts.append((pid, data["comm"], error, count))
for pid, comm, error, count in sorted(errcounts, key=lambda x: x[3], reverse=True):
print(f"{pid:6d} {comm:<20s} {error:7d} {count:10d}")
print("\nwrite counts by pid:\n")
print(
f"{'pid':>6s} {'comm':<20s} {'# writes':>10s} "
f"{'bytes_requested':>15s} {'bytes_written':>15s}"
)
print(f"{'-'*6} {'-'*20} {'-'*10} {'-'*15} {'-'*15}")
for pid, data in sorted(self.writes.items(),
key=lambda kv: kv[1]["bytes_written"], reverse=True):
print(
f"{pid:6d} {data['comm']:<20s} {data['total_writes']:10d} "
f"{data['bytes_requested']:15d} {data['bytes_written']:15d}"
)
print("\nfailed writes by pid:\n")
print(f"{'pid':>6s} {'comm':<20s} {'error #':>7s} {'# errors':>10s}")
print(f"{'-'*6} {'-'*20} {'-'*7} {'-'*10}")
errcounts = []
for pid, data in self.writes.items():
for error, count in data["errors"].items():
errcounts.append((pid, data["comm"], error, count))
for pid, comm, error, count in sorted(errcounts, key=lambda x: x[3], reverse=True):
print(f"{pid:6d} {comm:<20s} {error:7d} {count:10d}")
if self.unhandled:
print("\nunhandled events:\n")
print(f"{'event':<40s} {'count':>10s}")
print(f"{'-'*40} {'-'*10}")
for event_name, count in self.unhandled.items():
print(f"{event_name:<40s} {count:10d}")
def run(self, input_file: str) -> None:
"""Run the session."""
self.session = perf.session(perf.data(input_file), sample=self.process_event)
try:
self.session.process_events()
finally:
# Break the reference cycle between perf.session and self.process_event
# because perf.session lacks cyclic GC support (tp_traverse).
self.session = None
self.print_totals()
def main() -> None:
"""Main function."""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Trace r/w activity by PID")
parser.add_argument("-i", "--input", default="perf.data", help="Input file")
args = parser.parse_args()
analyzer = RwByPid()
try:
analyzer.run(args.input)
except IOError as e:
print(e, file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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