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author | Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk> | 2011-07-03 09:55:03 -0600 |
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committer | Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk> | 2011-07-04 12:37:49 -0600 |
commit | 113ced1f52e5ed2dfedc0771a1b11b536cde8168 (patch) | |
tree | 513df4ef1ad8b8530e12329f8f02c89140860b36 /net/dccp | |
parent | 58fdea0f3170c13a3b875ef904d5b67cf73814be (diff) | |
download | lwn-113ced1f52e5ed2dfedc0771a1b11b536cde8168.tar.gz lwn-113ced1f52e5ed2dfedc0771a1b11b536cde8168.zip |
dccp ccid-2: Perform congestion-window validation
CCID-2's cwnd increases like TCP during slow-start, which has implications for
* the local Sequence Window value (should be > cwnd),
* the Ack Ratio value.
Hence an exponential growth, if it does not reflect the actual network
conditions, can quickly lead to instability.
This patch adds congestion-window validation (RFC2861) to CCID-2:
* cwnd is constrained if the sender is application limited;
* cwnd is reduced after a long idle period, as suggested in the '90 paper
by Van Jacobson, in RFC 2581 (sec. 4.1);
* cwnd is never reduced below the RFC 3390 initial window.
As marked in the comments, the code is actually almost a direct copy of the
TCP congestion-window-validation algorithms. By continuing this work, it may
in future be possible to use the TCP code (not possible at the moment).
The mechanism can be turned off using a module parameter. Sampling of the
currently-used window (moving-maximum) is however done constantly; this is
used to determine the expected window, which can be exploited to regulate
DCCP's Sequence Window value.
This patch also sets slow-start-after-idle (RFC 4341, 5.1), i.e. it behaves like
TCP when net.ipv4.tcp_slow_start_after_idle = 1.
Signed-off-by: Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk>
Diffstat (limited to 'net/dccp')
-rw-r--r-- | net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.c | 84 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.h | 10 |
2 files changed, 91 insertions, 3 deletions
diff --git a/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.c b/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.c index 7d917981a4d1..0462040fc818 100644 --- a/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.c +++ b/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.c @@ -153,17 +153,93 @@ out: sock_put(sk); } +/* + * Congestion window validation (RFC 2861). + */ +static int ccid2_do_cwv = 1; +module_param(ccid2_do_cwv, bool, 0644); +MODULE_PARM_DESC(ccid2_do_cwv, "Perform RFC2861 Congestion Window Validation"); + +/** + * ccid2_update_used_window - Track how much of cwnd is actually used + * This is done in addition to CWV. The sender needs to have an idea of how many + * packets may be in flight, to set the local Sequence Window value accordingly + * (RFC 4340, 7.5.2). The CWV mechanism is exploited to keep track of the + * maximum-used window. We use an EWMA low-pass filter to filter out noise. + */ +static void ccid2_update_used_window(struct ccid2_hc_tx_sock *hc, u32 new_wnd) +{ + hc->tx_expected_wnd = (3 * hc->tx_expected_wnd + new_wnd) / 4; +} + +/* This borrows the code of tcp_cwnd_application_limited() */ +static void ccid2_cwnd_application_limited(struct sock *sk, const u32 now) +{ + struct ccid2_hc_tx_sock *hc = ccid2_hc_tx_sk(sk); + /* don't reduce cwnd below the initial window (IW) */ + u32 init_win = rfc3390_bytes_to_packets(dccp_sk(sk)->dccps_mss_cache), + win_used = max(hc->tx_cwnd_used, init_win); + + if (win_used < hc->tx_cwnd) { + hc->tx_ssthresh = max(hc->tx_ssthresh, + (hc->tx_cwnd >> 1) + (hc->tx_cwnd >> 2)); + hc->tx_cwnd = (hc->tx_cwnd + win_used) >> 1; + } + hc->tx_cwnd_used = 0; + hc->tx_cwnd_stamp = now; +} + +/* This borrows the code of tcp_cwnd_restart() */ +static void ccid2_cwnd_restart(struct sock *sk, const u32 now) +{ + struct ccid2_hc_tx_sock *hc = ccid2_hc_tx_sk(sk); + u32 cwnd = hc->tx_cwnd, restart_cwnd, + iwnd = rfc3390_bytes_to_packets(dccp_sk(sk)->dccps_mss_cache); + + hc->tx_ssthresh = max(hc->tx_ssthresh, (cwnd >> 1) + (cwnd >> 2)); + + /* don't reduce cwnd below the initial window (IW) */ + restart_cwnd = min(cwnd, iwnd); + cwnd >>= (now - hc->tx_lsndtime) / hc->tx_rto; + hc->tx_cwnd = max(cwnd, restart_cwnd); + + hc->tx_cwnd_stamp = now; + hc->tx_cwnd_used = 0; +} + static void ccid2_hc_tx_packet_sent(struct sock *sk, unsigned int len) { struct dccp_sock *dp = dccp_sk(sk); struct ccid2_hc_tx_sock *hc = ccid2_hc_tx_sk(sk); + const u32 now = ccid2_time_stamp; struct ccid2_seq *next; - hc->tx_pipe++; + /* slow-start after idle periods (RFC 2581, RFC 2861) */ + if (ccid2_do_cwv && !hc->tx_pipe && + (s32)(now - hc->tx_lsndtime) >= hc->tx_rto) + ccid2_cwnd_restart(sk, now); + + hc->tx_lsndtime = now; + hc->tx_pipe += 1; + + /* see whether cwnd was fully used (RFC 2861), update expected window */ + if (ccid2_cwnd_network_limited(hc)) { + ccid2_update_used_window(hc, hc->tx_cwnd); + hc->tx_cwnd_used = 0; + hc->tx_cwnd_stamp = now; + } else { + if (hc->tx_pipe > hc->tx_cwnd_used) + hc->tx_cwnd_used = hc->tx_pipe; + + ccid2_update_used_window(hc, hc->tx_cwnd_used); + + if (ccid2_do_cwv && (s32)(now - hc->tx_cwnd_stamp) >= hc->tx_rto) + ccid2_cwnd_application_limited(sk, now); + } hc->tx_seqh->ccid2s_seq = dp->dccps_gss; hc->tx_seqh->ccid2s_acked = 0; - hc->tx_seqh->ccid2s_sent = ccid2_time_stamp; + hc->tx_seqh->ccid2s_sent = now; next = hc->tx_seqh->ccid2s_next; /* check if we need to alloc more space */ @@ -594,6 +670,7 @@ static int ccid2_hc_tx_init(struct ccid *ccid, struct sock *sk) /* Use larger initial windows (RFC 4341, section 5). */ hc->tx_cwnd = rfc3390_bytes_to_packets(dp->dccps_mss_cache); + hc->tx_expected_wnd = hc->tx_cwnd; /* Make sure that Ack Ratio is enabled and within bounds. */ max_ratio = DIV_ROUND_UP(hc->tx_cwnd, 2); @@ -606,7 +683,8 @@ static int ccid2_hc_tx_init(struct ccid *ccid, struct sock *sk) hc->tx_rto = DCCP_TIMEOUT_INIT; hc->tx_rpdupack = -1; - hc->tx_last_cong = ccid2_time_stamp; + hc->tx_last_cong = hc->tx_lsndtime = hc->tx_cwnd_stamp = ccid2_time_stamp; + hc->tx_cwnd_used = 0; setup_timer(&hc->tx_rtotimer, ccid2_hc_tx_rto_expire, (unsigned long)sk); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&hc->tx_av_chunks); diff --git a/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.h b/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.h index da021ebce9af..f585d330e1e5 100644 --- a/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.h +++ b/net/dccp/ccids/ccid2.h @@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ struct ccid2_seq { * @tx_rttvar: moving average/maximum of @mdev_max * @tx_rto: RTO value deriving from SRTT and RTTVAR (RFC 2988) * @tx_rtt_seq: to decay RTTVAR at most once per flight + * @tx_cwnd_used: actually used cwnd, W_used of RFC 2861 + * @tx_expected_wnd: moving average of @tx_cwnd_used + * @tx_cwnd_stamp: to track idle periods in CWV + * @tx_lsndtime: last time (in jiffies) a data packet was sent * @tx_rpseq: last consecutive seqno * @tx_rpdupack: dupacks since rpseq * @tx_av_chunks: list of Ack Vectors received on current skb @@ -76,6 +80,12 @@ struct ccid2_hc_tx_sock { u64 tx_rtt_seq:48; struct timer_list tx_rtotimer; + /* Congestion Window validation (optional, RFC 2861) */ + u32 tx_cwnd_used, + tx_expected_wnd, + tx_cwnd_stamp, + tx_lsndtime; + u64 tx_rpseq; int tx_rpdupack; u32 tx_last_cong; |