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The core functions of string.c are those that may be implemented by
per-architecture functions, or overloaded by FORTIFY_SOURCE. As a
result, it needs to be built with __NO_FORTIFY. Without this, macros
will collide with function declarations. This was accidentally working
due to -ffreestanding (on some architectures). Make this deterministic
by explicitly setting __NO_FORTIFY and move all the helper functions
into string_helpers.c so that they gain the fortification coverage they
had been missing.
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: Andy Lavr <andy.lavr@gmail.com>
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@baylibre.com>
Acked-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
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Functions like memset()/memmove()/memcpy() do a lot of memory
accesses.
If a bad pointer is passed to one of these functions it is important
to catch this. Compiler instrumentation cannot do this since these
functions are written in assembly.
KASan replaces these memory functions with instrumented variants.
The original functions are declared as weak symbols so that
the strong definitions in mm/kasan/kasan.c can replace them.
The original functions have aliases with a '__' prefix in their
name, so we can call the non-instrumented variant if needed.
We must use __memcpy()/__memset() in place of memcpy()/memset()
when we copy .data to RAM and when we clear .bss, because
kasan_early_init cannot be called before the initialization of
.data and .bss.
For the kernel compression and EFI libstub's custom string
libraries we need a special quirk: even if these are built
without KASan enabled, they rely on the global headers for their
custom string libraries, which means that e.g. memcpy()
will be defined to __memcpy() and we get link failures.
Since these implementations are written i C rather than
assembly we use e.g. __alias(memcpy) to redirected any
users back to the local implementation.
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: kasan-dev@googlegroups.com
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> # QEMU/KVM/mach-virt/LPAE/8G
Tested-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com> # Brahma SoCs
Tested-by: Ahmad Fatoum <a.fatoum@pengutronix.de> # i.MX6Q
Reported-by: Russell King - ARM Linux <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ahmad Fatoum <a.fatoum@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Abbott Liu <liuwenliang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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libfdt gained a new dependency on strrchr, so copy the implementation
from lib/string.c.
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
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The __memzero assembly code is almost identical to memset's except for
two orr instructions. The runtime performance of __memset(p, n) and
memset(p, 0, n) is accordingly almost identical.
However, the memset() macro used to guard against a zero length and to
call __memzero at compile time when the fill value is a constant zero
interferes with compiler optimizations.
Arnd found tha the test against a zero length brings up some new
warnings with gcc v8:
https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82103
And successively rremoving the test against a zero length and the call
to __memzero optimization produces the following kernel sizes for
defconfig with gcc 6:
text data bss dec hex filename
12248142 6278960 413588 18940690 1210312 vmlinux.orig
12244474 6278960 413588 18937022 120f4be vmlinux.no_zero_test
12239160 6278960 413588 18931708 120dffc vmlinux.no_memzero
So it is probably not worth keeping __memzero around given that the
compiler can do a better job at inlining trivial memset(p,0,n) on its
own. And the memset code already handles a zero length just fine.
Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Recent versions of libfdt add a dependency on strnlen. Copy the
implementation in lib/string.c here, so we can update libfdt.
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
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This is a small subset of string functions needed by commits to come.
Except for memcpy() which is unchanged from its original location, their
implementation is meant to be small, and -Os is enforced to prevent gcc
from doing pointless loop unrolling.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Shawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Dave Martin <dave.martin@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Thomas Abraham <thomas.abraham@linaro.org>
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