PCI: Add pci_try_reset_function(), pci_try_reset_slot(), pci_try_reset_bus()

When doing a function/slot/bus reset PCI grabs the device_lock for each
device to block things like suspend and driver probes, but call paths exist
where this lock may already be held.  This creates an opportunity for
deadlock.  For instance, vfio allows userspace to issue resets so long as
it owns the device(s).  If a driver unbind .remove callback races with
userspace issuing a reset, we have a deadlock as userspace gets stuck
waiting on device_lock while another thread has device_lock and waits for
.remove to complete.  To resolve this, we can make a version of the reset
interfaces which use trylock.  With this, we can safely attempt a reset and
return error to userspace if there is contention.

[bhelgaas: the deadlock happens when A (userspace) has a file descriptor for
the device, and B waits in this path:

  driver_detach
    device_lock                     # take device_lock
    __device_release_driver
      pci_device_remove             # pci_bus_type.remove
        vfio_pci_remove             # pci_driver .remove
          vfio_del_group_dev
            wait_event(vfio.release_q, !vfio_dev_present)   # wait (holding device_lock)

Now B is stuck until A gives up the file descriptor.  If A tries to acquire
device_lock for any reason, we deadlock because A is waiting for B to release
the lock, and B is waiting for A to release the file descriptor.]

Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>

1 files changed, 3 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/pci.h b/include/linux/pci.h
index 9e3ec8b951b7..d21be0343865 100644
--- a/include/linux/pci.h
+++ b/include/linux/pci.h
@@ -948,10 +948,13 @@ int pcie_get_minimum_link(struct pci_dev *dev, enum pci_bus_speed *speed,
 int __pci_reset_function(struct pci_dev *dev);
 int __pci_reset_function_locked(struct pci_dev *dev);
 int pci_reset_function(struct pci_dev *dev);
+int pci_try_reset_function(struct pci_dev *dev);
 int pci_probe_reset_slot(struct pci_slot *slot);
 int pci_reset_slot(struct pci_slot *slot);
+int pci_try_reset_slot(struct pci_slot *slot);
 int pci_probe_reset_bus(struct pci_bus *bus);
 int pci_reset_bus(struct pci_bus *bus);
+int pci_try_reset_bus(struct pci_bus *bus);
 void pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus(struct pci_dev *dev);
 void pci_update_resource(struct pci_dev *dev, int resno);
 int __must_check pci_assign_resource(struct pci_dev *dev, int i);