Documentation: ACPI: move video_extension.txt to firmware-guide/acpi and convert to reST

This converts the plain text documentation to reStructuredText format
and adds it to Sphinx TOC tree.

No essential content change.

Signed-off-by: Changbin Du <changbin.du@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

2 files changed, 122 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/index.rst b/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/index.rst
index 0e60f4b7129a..ae609eec4679 100644
--- a/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/index.rst
@@ -23,3 +23,4 @@ ACPI Support
    i2c-muxes
    acpi-lid
    lpit
+   video_extension
diff --git a/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/video_extension.rst b/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/video_extension.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..099b8607e07b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/video_extension.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+=====================
+ACPI video extensions
+=====================
+
+This driver implement the ACPI Extensions For Display Adapters for
+integrated graphics devices on motherboard, as specified in ACPI 2.0
+Specification, Appendix B, allowing to perform some basic control like
+defining the video POST device, retrieving EDID information or to
+setup a video output, etc.  Note that this is an ref. implementation
+only.  It may or may not work for your integrated video device.
+
+The ACPI video driver does 3 things regarding backlight control.
+
+Export a sysfs interface for user space to control backlight level
+==================================================================
+
+If the ACPI table has a video device, and acpi_backlight=vendor kernel
+command line is not present, the driver will register a backlight device
+and set the required backlight operation structure for it for the sysfs
+interface control. For every registered class device, there will be a
+directory named acpi_videoX under /sys/class/backlight.
+
+The backlight sysfs interface has a standard definition here:
+Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-class-backlight.
+
+And what ACPI video driver does is:
+
+actual_brightness:
+  on read, control method _BQC will be evaluated to
+  get the brightness level the firmware thinks it is at;
+bl_power:
+  not implemented, will set the current brightness instead;
+brightness:
+  on write, control method _BCM will run to set the requested brightness level;
+max_brightness:
+  Derived from the _BCL package(see below);
+type:
+  firmware
+
+Note that ACPI video backlight driver will always use index for
+brightness, actual_brightness and max_brightness. So if we have
+the following _BCL package::
+
+	Method (_BCL, 0, NotSerialized)
+	{
+		Return (Package (0x0C)
+		{
+			0x64,
+			0x32,
+			0x0A,
+			0x14,
+			0x1E,
+			0x28,
+			0x32,
+			0x3C,
+			0x46,
+			0x50,
+			0x5A,
+			0x64
+		})
+	}
+
+The first two levels are for when laptop are on AC or on battery and are
+not used by Linux currently. The remaining 10 levels are supported levels
+that we can choose from. The applicable index values are from 0 (that
+corresponds to the 0x0A brightness value) to 9 (that corresponds to the
+0x64 brightness value) inclusive. Each of those index values is regarded
+as a "brightness level" indicator. Thus from the user space perspective
+the range of available brightness levels is from 0 to 9 (max_brightness)
+inclusive.
+
+Notify user space about hotkey event
+====================================
+
+There are generally two cases for hotkey event reporting:
+
+i) For some laptops, when user presses the hotkey, a scancode will be
+   generated and sent to user space through the input device created by
+   the keyboard driver as a key type input event, with proper remap, the
+   following key code will appear to user space::
+
+	EV_KEY, KEY_BRIGHTNESSUP
+	EV_KEY, KEY_BRIGHTNESSDOWN
+	etc.
+
+For this case, ACPI video driver does not need to do anything(actually,
+it doesn't even know this happened).
+
+ii) For some laptops, the press of the hotkey will not generate the
+    scancode, instead, firmware will notify the video device ACPI node
+    about the event. The event value is defined in the ACPI spec. ACPI
+    video driver will generate an key type input event according to the
+    notify value it received and send the event to user space through the
+    input device it created:
+
+	=====		==================
+	event		keycode
+	=====		==================
+	0x86		KEY_BRIGHTNESSUP
+	0x87		KEY_BRIGHTNESSDOWN
+	etc.
+	=====		==================
+
+so this would lead to the same effect as case i) now.
+
+Once user space tool receives this event, it can modify the backlight
+level through the sysfs interface.
+
+Change backlight level in the kernel
+====================================
+
+This works for machines covered by case ii) in Section 2. Once the driver
+received a notification, it will set the backlight level accordingly. This does
+not affect the sending of event to user space, they are always sent to user
+space regardless of whether or not the video module controls the backlight level
+directly. This behaviour can be controlled through the brightness_switch_enabled
+module parameter as documented in admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst. It is
+recommended to disable this behaviour once a GUI environment starts up and
+wants to have full control of the backlight level.