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author | Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org> | 2019-06-27 15:39:22 -0300 |
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committer | Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org> | 2019-07-15 11:03:02 -0300 |
commit | baa293e9544bea71361950d071579f0e4d5713ed (patch) | |
tree | 29e0400c806016783a3fd7a380be40a201956653 /Documentation/console | |
parent | 4f4cfa6c560c93ba180c30675cf845e1597de44c (diff) | |
download | lwn-baa293e9544bea71361950d071579f0e4d5713ed.tar.gz lwn-baa293e9544bea71361950d071579f0e4d5713ed.zip |
docs: driver-api: add a series of orphaned documents
There are lots of documents under Documentation/*.txt and a few other
orphan documents elsehwere that belong to the driver-API book.
Move them to their right place.
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com> # vfio-related parts
Acked-by: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com> # switchtec
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/console')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/console/console.rst | 152 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 152 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/console/console.rst b/Documentation/console/console.rst deleted file mode 100644 index b374141b027e..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/console/console.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,152 +0,0 @@ -:orphan: - -=============== -Console Drivers -=============== - -The Linux kernel has 2 general types of console drivers. The first type is -assigned by the kernel to all the virtual consoles during the boot process. -This type will be called 'system driver', and only one system driver is allowed -to exist. The system driver is persistent and it can never be unloaded, though -it may become inactive. - -The second type has to be explicitly loaded and unloaded. This will be called -'modular driver' by this document. Multiple modular drivers can coexist at -any time with each driver sharing the console with other drivers including -the system driver. However, modular drivers cannot take over the console -that is currently occupied by another modular driver. (Exception: Drivers that -call do_take_over_console() will succeed in the takeover regardless of the type -of driver occupying the consoles.) They can only take over the console that is -occupied by the system driver. In the same token, if the modular driver is -released by the console, the system driver will take over. - -Modular drivers, from the programmer's point of view, have to call:: - - do_take_over_console() - load and bind driver to console layer - give_up_console() - unload driver; it will only work if driver - is fully unbound - -In newer kernels, the following are also available:: - - do_register_con_driver() - do_unregister_con_driver() - -If sysfs is enabled, the contents of /sys/class/vtconsole can be -examined. This shows the console backends currently registered by the -system which are named vtcon<n> where <n> is an integer from 0 to 15. -Thus:: - - ls /sys/class/vtconsole - . .. vtcon0 vtcon1 - -Each directory in /sys/class/vtconsole has 3 files:: - - ls /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon0 - . .. bind name uevent - -What do these files signify? - - 1. bind - this is a read/write file. It shows the status of the driver if - read, or acts to bind or unbind the driver to the virtual consoles - when written to. The possible values are: - - 0 - - means the driver is not bound and if echo'ed, commands the driver - to unbind - - 1 - - means the driver is bound and if echo'ed, commands the driver to - bind - - 2. name - read-only file. Shows the name of the driver in this format:: - - cat /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon0/name - (S) VGA+ - - '(S)' stands for a (S)ystem driver, i.e., it cannot be directly - commanded to bind or unbind - - 'VGA+' is the name of the driver - - cat /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon1/name - (M) frame buffer device - - In this case, '(M)' stands for a (M)odular driver, one that can be - directly commanded to bind or unbind. - - 3. uevent - ignore this file - -When unbinding, the modular driver is detached first, and then the system -driver takes over the consoles vacated by the driver. Binding, on the other -hand, will bind the driver to the consoles that are currently occupied by a -system driver. - -NOTE1: - Binding and unbinding must be selected in Kconfig. It's under:: - - Device Drivers -> - Character devices -> - Support for binding and unbinding console drivers - -NOTE2: - If any of the virtual consoles are in KD_GRAPHICS mode, then binding or - unbinding will not succeed. An example of an application that sets the - console to KD_GRAPHICS is X. - -How useful is this feature? This is very useful for console driver -developers. By unbinding the driver from the console layer, one can unload the -driver, make changes, recompile, reload and rebind the driver without any need -for rebooting the kernel. For regular users who may want to switch from -framebuffer console to VGA console and vice versa, this feature also makes -this possible. (NOTE NOTE NOTE: Please read fbcon.txt under Documentation/fb -for more details.) - -Notes for developers -==================== - -do_take_over_console() is now broken up into:: - - do_register_con_driver() - do_bind_con_driver() - private function - -give_up_console() is a wrapper to do_unregister_con_driver(), and a driver must -be fully unbound for this call to succeed. con_is_bound() will check if the -driver is bound or not. - -Guidelines for console driver writers -===================================== - -In order for binding to and unbinding from the console to properly work, -console drivers must follow these guidelines: - -1. All drivers, except system drivers, must call either do_register_con_driver() - or do_take_over_console(). do_register_con_driver() will just add the driver - to the console's internal list. It won't take over the - console. do_take_over_console(), as it name implies, will also take over (or - bind to) the console. - -2. All resources allocated during con->con_init() must be released in - con->con_deinit(). - -3. All resources allocated in con->con_startup() must be released when the - driver, which was previously bound, becomes unbound. The console layer - does not have a complementary call to con->con_startup() so it's up to the - driver to check when it's legal to release these resources. Calling - con_is_bound() in con->con_deinit() will help. If the call returned - false(), then it's safe to release the resources. This balance has to be - ensured because con->con_startup() can be called again when a request to - rebind the driver to the console arrives. - -4. Upon exit of the driver, ensure that the driver is totally unbound. If the - condition is satisfied, then the driver must call do_unregister_con_driver() - or give_up_console(). - -5. do_unregister_con_driver() can also be called on conditions which make it - impossible for the driver to service console requests. This can happen - with the framebuffer console that suddenly lost all of its drivers. - -The current crop of console drivers should still work correctly, but binding -and unbinding them may cause problems. With minimal fixes, these drivers can -be made to work correctly. - -Antonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net> |