// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/errseq.h>
/*
* An errseq_t is a way of recording errors in one place, and allowing any
* number of "subscribers" to tell whether it has changed since a previous
* point where it was sampled.
*
* It's implemented as an unsigned 32-bit value. The low order bits are
* designated to hold an error code (between 0 and -MAX_ERRNO). The upper bits
* are used as a counter. This is done with atomics instead of locking so that
* these functions can be called from any context.
*
* The general idea is for consumers to sample an errseq_t value. That value
* can later be used to tell whether any new errors have occurred since that
* sampling was done.
*
* Note that there is a risk of collisions if new errors are being recorded
* frequently, since we have so few bits to use as a counter.
*
* To mitigate this, one bit is used as a flag to tell whether the value has
* been sampled since a new value was recorded. That allows us to avoid bumping
* the counter if no one has sampled it since the last time an error was
* recorded.
*
* A new errseq_t should always be zeroed out. A errseq_t value of all zeroes
* is the special (but common) case where there has never been an error. An all
* zero value thus serves as the "epoch" if one wishes to know whether there
* has ever been an error set since it was first initialized.
*/
/* The low bits are designated for error code (max of MAX_ERRNO) */
#define ERRSEQ_SHIFT ilog2(MAX_ERRNO + 1)
/* This bit is used as a flag to indicate whether the value has been seen */
#define ERRSEQ_SEEN (1 << ERRSEQ_SHIFT)
/* The lowest bit of the counter */
#define ERRSEQ_CTR_INC (1 << (ERRSEQ_SHIFT + 1))
/**
* errseq_set - set a errseq_t for later reporting
* @eseq: errseq_t field that should be set
* @err: error to set (must be between -1 and -MAX_ERRNO)
*
* This function sets the error in @eseq, and increments the sequence counter
* if the last sequence was sampled at some point in the past.
*
* Any error set will always overwrite an existing error.
*
* Return: The previous value, primarily for debugging purposes. The
* return value should not be used as a previously sampled value in later
* calls as it will not have the SEEN flag set.
*/
errseq_t errseq_set(errseq_t *eseq, int err)
{
errseq_t cur, old;
/* MAX_ERRNO must be able to serve as a mask */
BUILD_BUG_ON_NOT_POWER_OF_2(MAX_ERRNO + 1);
/*
* Ensure the error code actually fits where we want it to go. If it
* doesn't then just throw a warning and don't record anything. We
* also don't accept zero here as that would effectively clear a
* previous error.
*/
old = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
if (WARN(unlikely(err == 0 || (unsigned int)-err > MAX_ERRNO),
"err = %d\n", err))
return old;
for (;;) {
errseq_t new;
/* Clear out error bits and set new error */
new = (old & ~(MAX_ERRNO|ERRSEQ_SEEN)) | -err;
/* Only increment if someone has looked at it */
if (old & ERRSEQ_SEEN)
new += ERRSEQ_CTR_INC;
/* If there would be no change, then call it done */
if (new == old) {
cur = new;
break;
}
/* Try to swap the new value into place */
cur = cmpxchg(eseq, old, new);
/*
* Call it success if we did the swap or someone else beat us
* to it for the same value.
*/
if (likely(cur == old || cur == new))
break;
/* Raced with an update, try again */
old = cur;
}
return cur;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(errseq_set);
/**
* errseq_sample() - Grab current errseq_t value.
* @eseq: Pointer to errseq_t to be sampled.
*
* This function allows callers to sample an errseq_t value, marking it as
* "seen" if required.
*
* Return: The current errseq value.
*/
errseq_t errseq_sample(errseq_t *eseq)
{
errseq_t old = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
errseq_t new = old;
/*
* For the common case of no errors ever having been set, we can skip
* marking the SEEN bit. Once an error has been set, the value will
* never go back to zero.
*/
if (old != 0) {
new |= ERRSEQ_SEEN;
if (old != new)
cmpxchg(eseq, old, new);
}
return new;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(errseq_sample);
/**
* errseq_check() - Has an error occurred since a particular sample point?
* @eseq: Pointer to errseq_t value to be checked.
* @since: Previously-sampled errseq_t from which to check.
*
* Grab the value that eseq points to, and see if it has changed @since
* the given value was sampled. The @since value is not advanced, so there
* is no need to mark the value as seen.
*
* Return: The latest error set in the errseq_t or 0 if it hasn't changed.
*/
int errseq_check(errseq_t *eseq, errseq_t since)
{
errseq_t cur = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
if (likely(cur == since))
return 0;
return -(cur & MAX_ERRNO);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(errseq_check);
/**
* errseq_check_and_advance() - Check an errseq_t and advance to current value.
* @eseq: Pointer to value being checked and reported.
* @since: Pointer to previously-sampled errseq_t to check against and advance.
*
* Grab the eseq value, and see whether it matches the value that @since
* points to. If it does, then just return 0.
*
* If it doesn't, then the value has changed. Set the "seen" flag, and try to
* swap it into place as the new eseq value. Then, set that value as the new
* "since" value, and return whatever the error portion is set to.
*
* Note that no locking is provided here for concurrent updates to the "since"
* value. The caller must provide that if necessary. Because of this, callers
* may want to do a lockless errseq_check before taking the lock and calling
* this.
*
* Return: Negative errno if one has been stored, or 0 if no new error has
* occurred.
*/
int errseq_check_and_advance(errseq_t *eseq, errseq_t *since)
{
int err = 0;
errseq_t old, new;
/*
* Most callers will want to use the inline wrapper to check this,
* so that the common case of no error is handled without needing
* to take the lock that protects the "since" value.
*/
old = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
if (old != *since) {
/*
* Set the flag and try to swap it into place if it has
* changed.
*
* We don't care about the outcome of the swap here. If the
* swap doesn't occur, then it has either been updated by a
* writer who is altering the value in some way (updating
* counter or resetting the error), or another reader who is
* just setting the "seen" flag. Either outcome is OK, and we
* can advance "since" and return an error based on what we
* have.
*/
new = old | ERRSEQ_SEEN;
if (new != old)
cmpxchg(eseq, old, new);
*since = new;
err = -(new & MAX_ERRNO);
}
return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(errseq_check_and_advance);
