#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <asm/ptrace.h>
#include <asm/bitops.h>
#include <asm/stacktrace.h>
#include <asm/unwind.h>
#define FRAME_HEADER_SIZE (sizeof(long) * 2)
/*
* This disables KASAN checking when reading a value from another task's stack,
* since the other task could be running on another CPU and could have poisoned
* the stack in the meantime.
*/
#define READ_ONCE_TASK_STACK(task, x) \
({ \
unsigned long val; \
if (task == current) \
val = READ_ONCE(x); \
else \
val = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(x); \
val; \
})
static void unwind_dump(struct unwind_state *state, unsigned long *sp)
{
static bool dumped_before = false;
bool prev_zero, zero = false;
unsigned long word;
if (dumped_before)
return;
dumped_before = true;
printk_deferred("unwind stack type:%d next_sp:%p mask:%lx graph_idx:%d\n",
state->stack_info.type, state->stack_info.next_sp,
state->stack_mask, state->graph_idx);
for (sp = state->orig_sp; sp < state->stack_info.end; sp++) {
word = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(*sp);
prev_zero = zero;
zero = word == 0;
if (zero) {
if (!prev_zero)
printk_deferred("%p: %016x ...\n", sp, 0);
continue;
}
printk_deferred("%p: %016lx (%pB)\n", sp, word, (void *)word);
}
}
unsigned long unwind_get_return_address(struct unwind_state *state)
{
if (unwind_done(state))
return 0;
return __kernel_text_address(state->ip) ? state->ip : 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unwind_get_return_address);
static size_t regs_size(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
/* x86_32 regs from kernel mode are two words shorter: */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_32) && !user_mode(regs))
return sizeof(*regs) - 2*sizeof(long);
return sizeof(*regs);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
#define GCC_REALIGN_WORDS 3
#else
#define GCC_REALIGN_WORDS 1
#endif
static bool is_last_task_frame(struct unwind_state *state)
{
unsigned long *last_bp = (unsigned long *)task_pt_regs(state->task) - 2;
unsigned long *aligned_bp = last_bp - GCC_REALIGN_WORDS;
/*
* We have to check for the last task frame at two different locations
* because gcc can occasionally decide to realign the stack pointer and
* change the offset of the stack frame in the prologue of a function
* called by head/entry code. Examples:
*
* <start_secondary>:
* push %edi
* lea 0x8(%esp),%edi
* and $0xfffffff8,%esp
* pushl -0x4(%edi)
* push %ebp
* mov %esp,%ebp
*
* <x86_64_start_kernel>:
* lea 0x8(%rsp),%r10
* and $0xfffffffffffffff0,%rsp
* pushq -0x8(%r10)
* push %rbp
* mov %rsp,%rbp
*
* Note that after aligning the stack, it pushes a duplicate copy of
* the return address before pushing the frame pointer.
*/
return (state->bp == last_bp ||
(state->bp == aligned_bp && *(aligned_bp+1) == *(last_bp+1)));
}
/*
* This determines if the frame pointer actually contains an encoded pointer to
* pt_regs on the stack. See ENCODE_FRAME_POINTER.
*/
static struct pt_regs *decode_frame_pointer(unsigned long *bp)
{
unsigned long regs = (unsigned long)bp;
if (!(regs & 0x1))
return NULL;
return (struct pt_regs *)(regs & ~0x1);
}
static bool update_stack_state(struct unwind_state *state,
unsigned long *next_bp)
{
struct stack_info *info = &state->stack_info;
enum stack_type prev_type = info->type;
struct pt_regs *regs;
unsigned long *frame, *prev_frame_end, *addr_p, addr;
size_t len;
if (state->regs)
prev_frame_end = (void *)state->regs + regs_size(state->regs);
else
prev_frame_end = (void *)state->bp + FRAME_HEADER_SIZE;
/* Is the next frame pointer an encoded pointer to pt_regs? */
regs = decode_frame_pointer(next_bp);
if (regs) {
frame = (unsigned long *)regs;
len = regs_size(regs);
} else {
frame = next_bp;
len = FRAME_HEADER_SIZE;
}
/*
* If the next bp isn't on the current stack, switch to the next one.
*
* We may have to traverse multiple stacks to deal with the possibility
* that info->next_sp could point to an empty stack and the next bp
* could be on a subsequent stack.
*/
while (!on_stack(info, frame, len))
if (get_stack_info(info->next_sp, state->task, info,
&state->stack_mask))
return false;
/* Make sure it only unwinds up and doesn't overlap the prev frame: */
if (state->orig_sp && state->stack_info.type == prev_type &&
frame < prev_frame_end)
return false;
/* Move state to the next frame: */
if (regs) {
state->regs = regs;
state->bp = NULL;
} else {
state->bp = next_bp;
state->regs = NULL;
}
/* Save the return address: */
if (state->regs && user_mode(state->regs))
state->ip = 0;
else {
addr_p = unwind_get_return_address_ptr(state);
addr = READ_ONCE_TASK_STACK(state->task, *addr_p);
state->ip = ftrace_graph_ret_addr(state->task, &state->graph_idx,
addr, addr_p);
}
/* Save the original stack pointer for unwind_dump(): */
if (!state->orig_sp || info->type != prev_type)
state->orig_sp = frame;
return true;
}
bool unwind_next_frame(struct unwind_state *state)
{
struct pt_regs *regs;
unsigned long *next_bp;
if (unwind_done(state))
return false;
/* Have we reached the end? */
if (state->regs && user_mode(state->regs))
goto the_end;
if (is_last_task_frame(state)) {
regs = task_pt_regs(state->task);
/*
* kthreads (other than the boot CPU's idle thread) have some
* partial regs at the end of their stack which were placed
* there by copy_thread_tls(). But the regs don't have any
* useful information, so we can skip them.
*
* This user_mode() check is slightly broader than a PF_KTHREAD
* check because it also catches the awkward situation where a
* newly forked kthread transitions into a user task by calling
* do_execve(), which eventually clears PF_KTHREAD.
*/
if (!user_mode(regs))
goto the_end;
/*
* We're almost at the end, but not quite: there's still the
* syscall regs frame. Entry code doesn't encode the regs
* pointer for syscalls, so we have to set it manually.
*/
state->regs = regs;
state->bp = NULL;
state->ip = 0;
return true;
}
/* Get the next frame pointer: */
if (state->regs)
next_bp = (unsigned long *)state->regs->bp;
else
next_bp = (unsigned long *)READ_ONCE_TASK_STACK(state->task, *state->bp);
/* Move to the next frame if it's safe: */
if (!update_stack_state(state, next_bp)) {
/*
* Don't warn on bad regs->bp. An interrupt in entry code
* might cause a false positive warning.
*/
if (state->regs)
goto the_end;
goto bad_address;
}
return true;
bad_address:
/*
* When unwinding a non-current task, the task might actually be
* running on another CPU, in which case it could be modifying its
* stack while we're reading it. This is generally not a problem and
* can be ignored as long as the caller understands that unwinding
* another task will not always succeed.
*/
if (state->task != current)
goto the_end;
if (state->regs) {
printk_deferred_once(KERN_WARNING
"WARNING: kernel stack regs at %p in %s:%d has bad 'bp' value %p\n",
state->regs, state->task->comm,
state->task->pid, next_bp);
unwind_dump(state, (unsigned long *)state->regs);
} else {
printk_deferred_once(KERN_WARNING
"WARNING: kernel stack frame pointer at %p in %s:%d has bad value %p\n",
state->bp, state->task->comm,
state->task->pid, next_bp);
unwind_dump(state, state->bp);
}
the_end:
state->stack_info.type = STACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
return false;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unwind_next_frame);
void __unwind_start(struct unwind_state *state, struct task_struct *task,
struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *first_frame)
{
unsigned long *bp;
memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state));
state->task = task;
/* Don't even attempt to start from user mode regs: */
if (regs && user_mode(regs)) {
state->stack_info.type = STACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
return;
}
bp = get_frame_pointer(task, regs);
/* Initialize stack info and make sure the frame data is accessible: */
get_stack_info(bp, state->task, &state->stack_info,
&state->stack_mask);
update_stack_state(state, bp);
/*
* The caller can provide the address of the first frame directly
* (first_frame) or indirectly (regs->sp) to indicate which stack frame
* to start unwinding at. Skip ahead until we reach it.
*/
while (!unwind_done(state) &&
(!on_stack(&state->stack_info, first_frame, sizeof(long)) ||
state->bp < first_frame))
unwind_next_frame(state);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__unwind_start);
