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2026-09-26alloc_tag: avoid implicit padding in uapiArnd Bergmann
The implied padding causes a harmless warning when testing the uapi headers with -Wpadded that could in theory indicate incompatibilities or data leaks: ./usr/include/linux/alloc_tag.h:41:1: error: padding struct size to alignment boundary with 7 bytes [-Werror=padded] The code here is fine, but it's better to make the padding explicit and avoid the warning here. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260916065830.1619425-1-arnd@kernel.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260915202404.3568029-1-arnd@kernel.org Fixes: 1d581ab2348c ("alloc_tag: add ioctl to /proc/allocinfo") Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Acked-by: SJ Park <sj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Hao Ge <hao.ge@linux.dev>
2026-09-26Merge tag 'ata-7.3-rc5' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/libata/linux Pull ata fixes from Niklas Cassel: - Extend the quirk "no LPM on ATI" quirk, that is currently only applied for Samsung drives, to include AMD controllers as well. The AMD AHCI controllers are newer versions of the ATI AHCI controllers, and these controllers still have LPM issues with Samsung drives - LPM works with drives from other vendors (me) - Fix errors in the libata.force parameter documentation (me) - Verify the sense data descriptor lengths for ATA PASS-THROUGH command, so that a malicious device cannot write past the buffer length (Matthias) - Mention the libata for-next branch in MAINTAINERS such that the git ls-remote command done by get_maintainer.pl --self-test=scm can verify it (Matthias) * tag 'ata-7.3-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/libata/linux: MAINTAINERS: name the libata/linux for-next branch ata: libata-scsi: bound the ATA passthru sense descriptor writes ata: libata: Correct libata.force parameter documentation ata: libata-core: Extend Samsung LPM quirk to AMD controllers
2026-09-26Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds
Pull kvm fixes from Paolo Bonzini: "Arm: - Invalidate the ITS translation cache when the guest changes the base address of the ITS tables (Fuad Tabba) - Skip saving ITS devices with device IDs that are out-of-bounds rather than failing the entire ITS save ioctl (Fuad Tabba) - Close race between VM teardown and invalidations of nested MMUs when handling MMU operations that are allowed to block (Lorenzo Stoakes) - Various fixes for the handling of the host's untrusted SVE configuration in pKVM (Fuad Tabba) - Make sure that empty SMCCC ranges based at 0 are rejected by the kvm_smccc_set_filter() (Karl Mehltretter) - Revoke the host mapping for pKVM's private stack pages, along with a new sanity check that all mappings in the hyp's private VA range have been correctly marked as hyp-owned (Fuad Tabba) - Lifetime fixes for the array of shadow stage-2 MMUs, ensuring that concurrent vCPU initialization cannot relocate in-use MMUs. Defer the freeing of shadow stage-2 MMUs to the point that no other users (e.g. MMU notifier) could reference them (Marc Zyngier) - Drop useless WARN when rejecting an unsupported ioctl for pKVM (Fuad Tabba) - Fix the steal_time selftest to install correctly-sized mappings for non-4K hosts (Sebastian Ott) - Correct mapping of fine-grained trap for GCSPOPX instruction (Mark Brown) - Fix KVM_BUG_ON() due to missing handling of DBGBXVR<n> from 32-bit guests (Karl Mehltretter) RISC-V: - Synchronize hrtimer during VCPU teardown - Fix the conversion between vsip and hvip values - Serialize IMSIC attributes with vCPU migration - Release unused page after MMU invalidation - Propagate interrupted G-stage faults to KVM user-space as EINTR - Fix nested acceleration hfence entry update order - Fix sdata leak and stale snapshot_addr in snapshot_set_shmem - Preserve firmware counter value across PMU counter stop/start - Report PMU snapshot write failure to the guest - Fix perf-backed counter accounting across PMU stop and read - Correctly propagate error of a hart status SBI call s390: - Ensure that accesses through kvm_arch_set_irq_inatomic mark as dirty the pages that contain indicator and summary bits - Fix compile warning for kvm_s390_update_cmma_dirty() - Fix incorrect propagation of ENOENT from _gaccess_shadow_fault() to userspace - Move s390_kvm_mmu_commit_memory_region() into s390_kvm_mmu_prepare_memory_region() so that it can fail instead of WARN - Add missing srcu in kvm_s390_set_irq_state() - Fix potential races in storage functions - Fix race in _destroy_pages_crste() - Fix issues in the handling of KVM interrupt and page resources, when a queue that is assigned to a mediated device (mdev) is removed from the host's AP configuration - Fix loop condition in uv_find_secrets - Prevent potential out-of-bounds read x86: - Fix a brown paper bag bug where KVM would incorrectly treat Intel PMU MSRs as valid on AMD - Fix a regression in the hardware disable selftest where it checked the wrong macro when detecting glibc support (breaks at least musl) - Never clear KVM_REQ_VM_DEAD so that dead VMs stay dead, which is especially important for KVM_BUG_ON() flows, which often guard more dangerous bugs - Re-pend GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES if getting the pages fails, to fix a bug where KVM would let userspace run a broken setup with stale vmcs12 pages - Fix a class of bugs where KVM would fail to fill kvm_run exit fields if getting nested pages failed - Treat reserved entries in the memory attributes xarray as "no attributes", to fix false positives when checking for mixed attributes - Fix memcg accounting for the memory attributes xarray (the xarray library subtly requires the xarray to be configured for accounting upfront; the gfp flags taken at runtime are used only rarely) - Don't pre-reserve xarray entries when storing empty attributes, as storing NULL must not require memory allocation (KVM and other subsystems heavily rely on this behavior) - Fix a memory leak and a cache maintenance issue related to doing intra-host migration on an SEV guest" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (54 commits) KVM: SEV: Do cache maintenance on the source VM during intra-host migration KVM: SEV: Free have_run_cpus during VM destruction even if VM is no longer SEV KVM: Don't pre-reserve xarray entries when storing empty/NULL attributes KVM: Ensure memory attributes xarray nodes are accounted to the caller's memcg KVM: Don't treat reserved xarray entries as having memory attributes KVM: x86: Fill kvm_run exit fields in common get_nested_state_pages() error paths KVM: x86: Re-pend GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES if getting said pages fails KVM: arm64: Fix AArch32 DBGBXVR<n> handling KVM: arm64: Fix FGT mapping for HFGITR_EL2.nGCSEPP KVM: selftests: fix steal_time for arm64 with host page size > 4K KVM: arm64: Don't WARN on an unknown VM ioctl in protected mode KVM: arm64: nv: Delay freeing of shadow S2 structures until VM destruction KVM: arm64: nv: Fix life cycle of the nested_mmus array KVM: arm64: Check every private mapping is hyp-owned at pKVM init KVM: arm64: Move the private VA allocation cursor to __io_map_next KVM: arm64: Match hyp text by physical address in fix_host_ownership() KVM: arm64: Transfer the hyp stack pages out of the host stage-2 KVM: arm64: selftests: Test empty SMCCC filter range at base 0 KVM: arm64: Return -EINVAL for an empty SMCCC filter range at base 0 KVM: arm64: Derive GUEST_HAS_SVE from the SVE feature bit at EL2 ...
2026-09-26Merge tag 'qcom-drivers-for-7.4' into msm-next-merge-qcom-drivers-for-7.4Rob Clark
Qualcomm driver updates for v7.4 Add UBWC 7.0 configuration for Hawi and Maili, and reuse Glymur's UBWC configuration for Nord. Parse Glymur's DDR information from SMEM, including its frequency plan and highest bank bit. Correct DDR frequency overflow and byte order, and handle unrecognized DDR layouts correctly. Configure dedicated LLCC slices for the IPQ5424 PPE and Wi-Fi datapaths, adjust the CPU slice, and propagate errors from optional IRQ lookup. Allow the GENI serial-engine driver to be selected on 32-bit Qualcomm SoCs such as Kuno. Fix firmware loading bounds, endianness, and writes to read-only firmware. Allow QSEECOM on the Glymur-based HP EliteBook X G2q 14 AI, Lenovo Yoga Slim 7x Gen11, and Asus Zenbook A14 (UX3407NA), enabling EFI variable access on the HP and Asus laptops. Release SCM reserved memory on probe failure or unbind, and limit Qualcomm firmware Kconfig options to Qualcomm platforms. Defer PMIC GLINK altmode work until devices resume to avoid accessing suspended I2C controllers. Fix cleanup of failed APR service registrations to prevent stale lookups, and remove unused APR device-ID matching. Add the SM7250 SoC ID, correct SMSM and SMP2P I/O annotations, and clean up RPMh kernel-doc and redundant IRQ error messages. Document the Kuno SCM interface, Shikra CTCU fallback, and Milos CPU bandwidth monitor. Add Abel Vesa as a Qualcomm SoC reviewer. Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robin.clark@oss.qualcomm.com>
2026-09-26Merge tag 'qcom-arm64-for-7.4' into msm-next-merge-qcom-drivers-for-7.4Rob Clark
Qualcomm Arm64 DeviceTree updates for v7.4 Introduce device trees for the Nord SoC series, including the directly managed Embedded and SCMI-managed GearVM variants. Add the SA8797P Ride reference board with UFS and serial ports, and the Dragonwing IQ10 RRD robotics board with UFS, PMICs, I2C and SPI. Add the QCS8300-AC Monaco AC EVK, describing its storage, connectivity, DSPs and peripheral interfaces, and provide an IFP mezzanine combination. Enable PMIC MBG thermal monitoring on Monaco and Lemans. Add Glymur-based HP EliteBook X G2q 14 AI, Lenovo Yoga Slim 7x Gen11 and Asus Zenbook A14 UX3407NA laptop device trees. Describe Glymur PCIe3a and its shared PCIe3 PHY, correct Mahua's dedicated PCIe3b PHY, and add missing Glymur USB clock, power and interconnect votes. Fix Glymur CRD SD-card supply voltages and reserve its EC reset GPIO; describe the Yoga camera privacy switch and correct the Zenbook A16 microphone sample rate. Extend Eliza with PCIe controllers and PHYs, EVK M.2 and TC9563 switch connections, multimedia clock controllers, CDSP, and Adreno A722 GPU nodes with cooling. Enable the GPU on the MTP and CQS SOM, CDSP on both, and SD card and keys on the appropriate evaluation boards. Connect the Eliza USB3 PHY pipe clock and add its GPU, video and camera clock bindings. Describe the Shikra Adreno A704 GPU, cooling and EVK enablement, along with CoreSight, crypto, TRNG and TPM support; release GPIOs blocking SPI5. Add SM8750 GPU clock and IOMMU nodes without enabling the GPU. Enable WCN6755 WiFi and Bluetooth on the Milos-based Fairphone 6 and add the associated wireless and Bluetooth bindings. Add power domains to the Milos camera and video clock controllers. Describe IMX219 camera modules on either RUBIK Pi 3 connector with separate overlays and a 3.3 V output supply on the base board. Add SC8280XP thermal zones and correct GPI DMA channel assignments on its boards. Mark its FastRPC context banks DMA-coherent to fix DSP library-loading failures; enable higher DisplayPort link rates and DP audio on the ThinkPad X13s. Mark Glymur USB controllers DMA-coherent. Describe Hamoa and Purwa IoT EVK M.2 Key E connectors, add Hamoa PCIe root-port and graph connections, QREF regulator supplies and the USB4 PHY clock, and enable thermal control on the Hamoa CRD. Add DisplayPort audio and GPIO volume keys on X1 Denali and QoS clocks on X1E80100. Enable IPQ5018's internal MDIO bus and the external QCA8081 PHY on RDP432-C2. Add the Raspberry Pi Touch Display 2 overlay for the Talos EVK. Enable UFS on the Xperia Sagami, NFC on SDM670 Google boards, display on the AYANEO Pocket S2, and UART, haptics and LED on the Xiaomi Riva. Add the Fairphone 4 PON correction, Nothing Phone (1) WiFi calibration variant, Xperia Tama Bluetooth pin fix, and assorted board-level PCI function and pinctrl cleanups. Document the Kuno IDP board, the Glymur SDHCI compatible, Kryo 475 CPUs and the SM7250 SoC ID; tidy deprecated SPMI bus IDs and redundant DT includes. Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robin.clark@oss.qualcomm.com>
2026-09-26namespace: don't inherit MNT_UMOUNT in clone_mnt()Christian Brauner
MNT_UMOUNT gets raised on a mount that umount_tree() or umount_one() has taken out of its namespace. It's never cleared. __detach_mounts() unhooks a mount that carries it instead of unmounting it. disconnect_mount() lets an unmounted child stay attached only if its parent carries it. propagate_umount() takes it as the sign that a mount is going to be unmounted when it decides what else can be unmounted, where a chain of locked mounts ends and where a for reparenting an overmount. clone_mnt() copies the flags of the source and only masks MNT_INTERNAL_FLAGS which doesn't include MNT_UMOUNT. A mount that was lazily unmounted but is kept alive by a file descriptor can still be copied when its root is an nsfs or pidfs file because may_copy_tree() accepts those before checking whether the source is mounted at all: mount --bind /proc/self/ns/net /tmp/x exec 3< /tmp/x umount -l /tmp/x mount --bind /proc/self/fd/3 /tmp/y The mount on /tmp/y is attached to the caller's namespace with MNT_UMOUNT already set and every copy of it inherits the flag again. That causes a number of bugs: - Unlink its mountpoint from a mount namespace where it isn't one. __detach_mounts() takes it for a mount that was unmounted earlier, unhooks it from its parent and drops the reference the namespace holds on it. It stays in the namespace with one reference too few and as its own parent, so it can't be unmounted through the file descriptor anymore and the namespace never finds it again. When the namespace goes away it's leaked and points to a freed struct mnt_namespace that may_change_propagation() and anon_ns_root() read on the next propagation change or mount_setattr() through the file descriptor. - Make it shared and unmount a peer. trace_transfers() follows the flag from the peer into it and strips it from its peer group. - Let a propagated umount reach it. gather_candidates() marks it with T_UMOUNT_CANDIDATE but never puts it on the candidate list, so the mark is never cleared and every later propagated umount skips it. If it's the parent of a locked mount handle_locked() takes it as the cutoff and commits the locked child that should have stayed and disconnect_mount() leaves that child attached to it, unmounted under a mounted parent, which is what disconnect_mount() exists to prevent. When the namespace goes away umount_tree() visits the child a second time. And once __detach_mounts() has made it its own parent reparent() never finds the end of the chain of unmounted parents. A clone is a new mount that has never been unmounted. Add MNT_UMOUNT to MNT_INTERNAL_FLAGS so clone_mnt() never copies it. And warn when umount_tree() reaches a mount that already has it set. Fixes: 590ce4bcbfb4 ("mnt: Add MNT_UMOUNT flag") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260926-work-mount-fixes-2-v1-3-f357abf3d17b@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-26bus: mhi: host: Fix typo "intented" in commentHemanth Selam
Correct "intented" to "intended", reported by scripts/checkpatch.pl using the misspelling list in scripts/spelling.txt. Only touches comments, no code changes. Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Hemanth Selam <hemanth.selam@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Manivannan Sadhasivam <manivannan.sadhasivam@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260904124731.9011-1-hemanth.selam@gmail.com
2026-09-26Revert "KVM: Check for duplicate vcpu_id as early as possible"Sean Christopherson
Now that KVM uses kvm_get_vcpu_by_id() to check for an existing vCPU ID before doing any meaningful work, which was made possible by holding kvm->lock for the entirety of vCPU creation, revert the now-redundant "early" vCPU ID tracking. The claims about the impact of kvm->vcpu_ids on the memory footprint were a wee bit wrong: the worst case scenario isn't 256 bytes per VM, it's 256 "unsigned longs" per VM, i.e. 2048 bytes per VM. Increasing the size of "struct kvm" by 2048 nearly doubled the total size on many architectures, and tripped x86's KVM_SANITY_CHECK_VM_STRUCT_SIZE, which was added to detect this *exact* scenario, where a single change significantly increased the size of "struct kvm". I.e. attempting to build KVM with CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL=n fails on x86 (the build failures got missed because all build bots apparently test only CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL=y kernels, and maintainers' test flows were similarly lacking). This reverts commit 97d65b544f48b2ee49f6aea32145e3e7969955dc. Fixes: 97d65b544f48 ("KVM: Check for duplicate vcpu_id as early as possible") Reported-by: Jean-Christophe Guillain <jean-christophe@guillain.net> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/56a4bc35ee605588b7cc36c8e45c12b5f3b506cb.camel@guillain.net Reported-by: Paweł S <spawel523@gmail.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CABD%3DWFOS4j4hDv%2BpW-eEM9HAM2q2GY_iYdAG%2BqvYcUEinUrcQQ@mail.gmail.com Tested-by: Jean-Christophe Guillain <jean-christophe@guillain.net> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Tested-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Message-ID: <20260921174445.911676-7-seanjc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
2026-09-26Merge tag 'kvm-x86-fixes-7.3-rc5' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEADPaolo Bonzini
KVM fixes for 7.3-rcN - Fix a brown paper bag bug where KVM would incorrectly treat Intel PMU MSRs as valid on AMD. - Fix a regression in the hardware disable selftest where it checked the wrong macro when detecting glibc support (breaks at least musl). - Never clear KVM_REQ_VM_DEAD so that dead VMs stay dead, which is especially important for KVM_BUG_ON() flows, which often guard more dangerous bugs. - Re-pend GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES if getting the pages fails, to fix a bug where KVM would let userspace run a broken setup with stale vmcs12 pages. - Fix a class of bugs where KVM would fail to fill kvm_run exit fields if getting nested pages failed. - Treat reserved entries in the memory attributes xarray as "no attributes", to fix false positives when checking for mixed attributes. - Fix memcg accounting for the memory attributes xarray (the xarray library subtly requires the xarray to be configured for accounting upfront; the gfp flags taken at runtime are used only rarely). - Don't pre-reserve xarray entries when storing empty attributes, as storing NULL must not require memory allocation (KVM and other subsystems heavily rely on this behavior).
2026-09-25scsi: ufs: core: Serialize AHIT register access between sysfs and host driverPeter Wang
A race exists between ufshcd_auto_hibern8_update() and ufs_mtk_pwr_change_notify() when both paths concurrently access REG_AUTO_HIBERNATE_IDLE_TIMER. Additionally, the static local variable used to save/restore AHIT in the power change path is not re-entrant and may hold a stale value if a sysfs write races with a gear change. Introduce ahit_mutex and ahit_disable_depth in struct ufs_hba to serialize AHIT register access. The depth counter tracks how many host-driver paths have forced AHIT off; sysfs writes are suppressed while it is non-zero and the register is restored from hba->ahit only when the last disabler drops it to zero. Fixes: f5ca8d0c7a63 ("scsi: ufs: host: mediatek: Disable auto-hibern8 during power mode changes") Signed-off-by: Peter Wang <peter.wang@mediatek.com> Reviewed-by: Chun-Hung Wu <chun-hung.wu@mediatek.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260914085148.136429-3-peter.wang@mediatek.com Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen (Oracle) <mkp@kernel.org>
2026-09-25scsi: ufs: core: Dynamically disable timestamp on unsupported devicesStanley Jhu
JEDEC JESD220F specifies that the Timestamp attribute (qTimestamp) is an optional feature for UFS devices. Some compliant UFS 4.0 devices do not implement it and return QUERY_RESULT_INVALID_IDN (0xFD). ufshcd_set_timestamp_attr() gates the write on wspecversion >= 0x400 and the absence of UFS_DEVICE_QUIRK_NO_TIMESTAMP_SUPPORT. Neither covers a device that advertises UFS 4.0 but declines the attribute, so the write is reissued on every boot and every resume. Record the capability in struct ufs_dev_info and clear it when the device answers -EOPNOTSUPP, so the write is not retried. -ETIMEDOUT and -EIO still reach dev_err(); they are transient and must not disable the attribute. Signed-off-by: Stanley Jhu <stanleyjhu@google.com> Tested-by: Xilin Wu <sophon@radxa.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260911024319.1346706-3-stanleyjhu@google.com Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen (Oracle) <mkp@kernel.org>
2026-09-25netlink: specs: dpll: drop the reference to DPLL_MODE_DETACHEDJakub Kicinski
The lock-status doc tells userspace that DPLL_LOCK_STATUS_UNLOCKED can be forced by setting DPLL_A_MODE to DPLL_MODE_DETACHED. But no such value has been defined so far. enum dpll_mode has only MANUAL and AUTOMATIC. Let's make sure the doc reflects current reality. Reviewed-by: Ivan Vecera <ivecera@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260924231211.568213-4-kuba@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-09-25net: ethtool: generate RSS keys that spread flows over all queuesEric Dumazet
netdev_rss_key_fill() returns a key made of uniformly random bytes. That is not enough, because the Toeplitz hash is linear over GF(2). Walking the hash input MSB first, each set bit contributes a 32-bit sliding window of the key, and hardware indexes the indirection table with the low order bits of the result. Only the tail of each window therefore reaches the queue index: v(i) = key bits [i + 32 - q .. i + 31] with q = log2(number of RX queues). Consecutive input bits give windows overlapping in q - 1 positions, so the q vectors belonging to the q lowest bits of a header field form a Toeplitz matrix built from 2 * q - 1 key bits, rather than q * q independent ones. Over GF(2) a random Toeplitz matrix is singular with probability exactly 1/2, whatever its size. When it is singular, flows differing only in the low order bits of that field cannot reach all the queues. This is not theoretical: a burst of connections draws ephemeral ports from a narrow range, and on one affected host only 4 of the 16 RX queues received any traffic at all, until its key was replaced. Keep drawing the key at random, since it is a secret that stops a remote attacker from steering flows onto a single queue, but force the handful of bits that decide this. Writing d[t] for key bit (lsb + 31 - t), where lsb is the position of the least significant bit of a field in the hash input, the matrices of all the q values up to 8 are non singular if and only if d[2 * i] = 1 ^ d[i] ^ d[i + 1] ^ ... ^ d[2 * i - 1] The odd positions stay free, so this is a one pass fixup rather than a search. It is in fact a bijection from those free positions onto the set of the values having the property, so the key stays uniformly distributed over that set and the whole cost is 8 bits of entropy per position. Searching for such a key by rejection would not have been an option: a freshly drawn one has the property everywhere with probability 2^-1008. Apply this at every 16-bit aligned position of the key, rather than at the offsets of the 2-tuple and 4-tuple layouts only. The core does not get to know what a given NIC hashes. Hardware may select the bytes it feeds to Toeplitz out of a header window with a bitmap, and hash an encapsulated header: for PSP over UDP over IPv6 it can pick the outer addresses and the inner TCP ports, which sit 78 bytes into the frame and read key bits well past the 40 bytes an IPv6 4-tuple needs. Hashed fields are 16 bits wide at the smallest and are not expected to straddle that grid, so covering the grid covers the layouts that were never written down, at no cost in code. This spends 8 bits of entropy per position, 1008 bits out of the 2048 bits of netdev_rss_key, leaving 1040 bits. 8 is also the largest usable bound, as each q constrains 2 * q - 1 bits and anything larger would make the ranges of two adjacent positions overlap. What the fixup leaves behind is visible structure: 8 of every 16 bits are derived from the 8 others, so a 16-bit aligned word of the key takes only 2^8 values and about 27 of the 128 words of netdev_rss_key duplicate another one. That much is forced rather than an artefact of this implementation, 1040 bits spread over 128 words being a little over 8 bits each, but it has one consequence worth removing. Two 32-bit windows a whole number of words apart now collide with probability 2^-16 instead of 2^-32, and two input bits reading the same window are indistinguishable to the hash, since flipping both of them leaves it unchanged. Over 500 keys, 23% of them had such a pair, where a uniformly random key has one with probability 2^-11. So draw another key when that happens. Four out of five pass. Which distances to look at follows from where the structure is: covering the multiples of 16 leaves 1.2e-3 expected colliding pairs per key, still 2.6 times the 4.6e-4 of a plain random key, and almost all of that excess sits at a distance of 8 modulo 16. Covering every multiple of 8 brings the total down to 4.2e-4, below what a plain random key gives over all distances, and within a few percent of the 4.0e-4 it gives over the distances that are left. Two windows a multiple of 8 bits apart are two windows at the same offset modulo 8, so this is a handful of pairwise sweeps rather than one pass over the key per distance. DO_ONCE() runs the generator under a spinlock with hard IRQs disabled, so keep the windows of a class in an array rather than recomputing both sides of every pair: 116 us instead of 254 us for the worst case, a 2048-bit key with no collision anywhere, at a cost of 512 bytes of stack. The shared key is fixed up once and every driver prefix inherits both properties. Move netdev_rss_key and netdev_rss_key_fill() from net/ethtool/ioctl.c to net/ethtool/common.c, and move the netdev_rss_key declaration out of include/linux/netdevice.h into net/core/dev.h. Checked against an independent Toeplitz implementation: for every 16-bit aligned position and every q in 1..8, an aligned block of 2^q consecutive values of a field ending there lands on the 2^q queues exactly once each. Over 20 random keys that is 20160 checks, which 50.1% of plain random keys fail and none of the generated keys do, for an average of 502 rewritten bits out of 2048. Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260922163458.3900996-3-edumazet@google.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-09-26kbuild: do not allocate .modinfo in vmlinuxLorenzo Stoakes (ARM)
Commit 3e86e4d74c04 ("kbuild: keep .modinfo section in vmlinux.unstripped") placed MODULE_INFO() strings in the .modinfo section in vmlinux.unstripped, however it left the section allocatable, so it gets assigned an address and on arm64, arm and riscv, the section is tagged as PT_LOAD. This is useless as the data is ultimately stripped anyway. Doing this results in a lot of unnecessary work - each pass copies the whole file, 450 MiB with relocations for an x86 allmodconfig build and 250 MiB for an arm64 allmodconfig build. This adds ~0.7s on the serial tail of every build for arm64 and ~0.2s for x86 (the tail is single-threaded work done after parallel work has finished). Nothing requires .modinfo to exist at an address, so mark the output section (INFO) so that it's not allocated and use --dump-section to extract it as -O only emits allocated sections. The dump doesn't pick up the arch's OBJCOPYFLAGS any longer as they should not impact the output of this section. Image, bzImage, System.map and modules.builtin.modinfo are unchanged and the stripped vmlinux differs only in its program headers. The objcopy passes are on the serial tail of every build that links vmlinux, no-op builds are unchanged. Whole build, 128-thread Threadripper 9980X, best of N runs: before after delta ------------------------------- x86 defconfig, touch mm/vma.c, gcc 11.2s 11.1s -0.15s (-1%) x86 defconfig, touch mm/vma.c, clang 11.3s 11.1s -0.19s (-2%) x86 defconfig, clean, gcc 32.5s 32.3s -0.16s (-1%) x86 defconfig, clean, clang 34.5s 34.2s -0.26s (-1%) x86 allmodconfig, touch mm/vma.c, gcc 40.1s 39.7s -0.44s (-1%) Assisted-by: LLM Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (ARM) <ljs@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <n.schier@fritz.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260923-build-speedup-v4-1-73128809a4a4@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
2026-09-25firewire: core: add __counted_by_ptr attribute to struct fw_deviceBill Wendling
The GCC and Clang attribute '__counted_by_ptr' associates a pointer field with an integer field holding its element count. This enables runtime bounds checking by KASAN and UBSAN to prevent out-of-bounds accesses to the pointer. In 'struct fw_device' (defined in 'include/linux/firewire.h'), the field 'config_rom' is a pointer to the device's Configuration ROM data, and its associated element count is stored in 'config_rom_length'. Additionally, update the existing KUnit test in 'drivers/firewire/device-attribute-test.c' where 'config_rom_length' was incorrectly initialized with the byte size ('sizeof(simple_avc_config_rom)') instead of the element count ('ARRAY_SIZE(simple_avc_config_rom)'). This ensures the '__counted_by_ptr' bounds-checking annotation does not trigger any false-positive panics or compile/runtime checks. Cc: codemender-patching+linux@google.com Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Bill Wendling <morbo@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260925212552.125652-1-morbo@google.com Signed-off-by: Takashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
2026-09-25firewire: core: add __counted_by_ptr to struct fw_packetBill Wendling
In 'struct fw_packet', the 'payload' field points to a buffer of size 'payload_length' bytes. To enable compiler bounds checking (via KASAN and __builtin_dynamic_object_size), add the '__counted_by_ptr' attribute to the 'payload' pointer, associated with the 'payload_length' count. A thorough analysis of all allocation and initialization points for 'struct fw_packet' was conducted. The pointer and its length are assigned together. Because the count field is always correctly initialized before the pointer is accessed, the '__counted_by_ptr' attribute is fully safe and will not cause runtime false positives or panics. Cc: codemender-patching+linux@google.com Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Bill Wendling <morbo@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260925210912.113052-1-morbo@google.com Signed-off-by: Takashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
2026-09-25bpf: Add file descriptor interface for program streamsKumar Kartikeya Dwivedi
The existing BPF_PROG_STREAM_READ_BY_FD command only supports polling a program stream through repeated bpf() calls. It cannot block for new data or integrate with poll-based event loops. Add BPF_PROG_STREAM_OPEN to return a read-only, close-on-exec file descriptor for a selected program stream. Reads block by default and BPF_F_STREAM_NONBLOCK, the only accepted flag, provides non-blocking behavior. poll reports readable data and reports hangup once the program has been freed. Like pipes and sockets, the descriptor is not seekable and lseek fails with ESPIPE. A stream descriptor deliberately does not retain the program. Move each stream into a separately refcounted allocation so program teardown can mark it dead and wake descriptor users while outstanding descriptors drain buffered data safely. Readers sample the dead flag before looking for data, so EOF is reported only when the stream was already dead before it was found empty; data published right before teardown is never skipped. Only programs loaded through BPF_PROG_LOAD get streams. Classic BPF filters, JIT subprograms and shim programs never write to one, and kernel-side writers already resolve a subprogram to its main program, so those programs no longer carry stream state. Readiness needs its own counter. Stream capacity is charged before allocation and before an element is published to the stream log, so using that reservation as the read and poll condition can report readable data while no element exists: a blocking reader retries instead of sleeping and a lone non-blocking reader can see POLLIN followed by EAGAIN. Publish bytes with release ordering after adding elements to the lockless log, use acquire loads before consuming them or reporting readiness, limit each read to its readable snapshot and subtract only bytes actually copied. This keeps the aggregate count correct even when concurrent publishers update it out of publication order. With several readers on one stream, readiness remains advisory, as it is for pipes. The capacity counter is kept solely for enforcing the stream size limit. Wakeups are always deferred through irq_work. Stream writers run in whatever context the program runs in: NMI context for perf_event programs, sections with interrupts disabled inside bpf_spin_lock or rqspinlock critical sections since bpf_stream_vprintk() is KF_SPINLOCK_SAFE, and tracing programs attached anywhere in the kernel, including inside the wait queue and epoll code itself. Waking waiters directly from there can deadlock, and no cheap context check covers every case: on PREEMPT_RT, spinlock_t sections do not disable interrupts, so in_nmi() or irqs_disabled() cannot tell such a program apart from a benign one. Queue an irq_work item instead, as bpf_ringbuf does. Queue it only when a publication turns an empty stream readable. Readers block and pollers wait only after finding the stream empty, and the readable count never drops below zero because each read is bounded by its snapshot, so the first publication after such an observation is the one that makes the count positive, and it is the one that queues the wakeup. Publications into a stream that already holds data raise no interrupt, so a program that prints while nobody drains its stream pays for a single irq_work until the stream is emptied again. This matches bpf_ringbuf, which notifies only once the consumer has caught up. Blocking readers and level-triggered pollers re-check the readable count before waiting, so they cannot miss data, and edge-triggered epoll consumers drain until EAGAIN before waiting again, as epoll(7) requires. Synchronize pending work before releasing the final stream reference so the callback cannot outlive the stream, but only when the work was ever queued: irq_work_sync() waits for an RCU grace period on PREEMPT_RT and on architectures without an irq_work interrupt. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260925045536.1480933-3-memxor@gmail.com
2026-09-25bpf: Retarget indirect jump targets across prologue prependsDaniel Borkmann
A few patches do not expand in place, they prepend: bpf_convert_ctx_accesses() puts the ctx save for gen_epilogue and the instructions of gen_prologue in front of insn 0, and bpf_do_misc_fixups() prepends the may_goto counter init at the start of every subprog that uses may_goto. They copy the original instruction of 'tgt_idx' into the last slot of the patch buffer, so it now lives at tgt_idx + delta, and call adjust_jmp_off() to move direct branches from tgt_idx to tgt_idx + delta. Nothing does the same for indirect branches, so a BPF_MAP_TYPE_INSN_ARRAY slot that named tgt_idx keeps naming tgt_idx, which is now the first prepended instruction, and insn_aux_data[tgt_idx].indirect_target makes the JIT emit the landing pad there. Add a __bpf_patch_insn_data() variant and pass BPF_PATCH_MOVE_TARGET at the affected call-sites to fix up the delta. The poke descriptors of direct tail calls are shifted the same way, and the original instruction is not searched for by content in that mode, as it is the last slot by construction. Fixes: 493d9e0d6083 ("bpf, x86: add support for indirect jumps") Fixes: 07ae6c130b46 ("bpf: Add helper to detect indirect jump targets") Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com> Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Acked-by: Anton Protopopov <a.s.protopopov@gmail.com> Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260925175244.1136329-11-daniel@iogearbox.net
2026-09-25bpf: Cache the jump table of a subprogram during CFG discoveryDaniel Borkmann
create_jt() builds the jump table of the subprogram containing a gotox by copying out and sorting every insn_array map of the program, and it does so once per gotox instruction. The cost is therefore the number of gotox instructions times the number of entries in all of the maps. A program of 4003 instructions with 2000 gotox and one 500k entry map holding two distinct targets has 4000 indirect jump edges, 0.4% of the limit, and takes 343s to be rejected. The map costs next to nothing to prepare, as an unset entry is already a valid target. At the insn limit, with a single 1M entry map, the same shape extrapolates to 41 hours. All gotox instructions of a subprogram share the same jump table, so build the table of every subprogram in a single pass over the maps and let every gotox use it in place: bpf_insn_successors() resolves a gotox through its containing subprogram, and the tables are kept until the verifier environment is torn down, so nothing is copied into the instruction aux data. The edge accounting in visit_gotox_insn() moves to the first visit of the gotox, marked by the BRANCH bit of its CFG state, and a revisit returns right away since the first one already pushed every target that still needed exploring. The only user left of insn_aux_data[].jt is then the table which visit_abnormal_return_insn() allocates for tail_call and ld_{abs,ind} insns, so that bpf_insn_successors() reports the hidden exit from their subprogram. Both are recognisable by their opcode, so derive that edge in bpf_insn_successors() from the exit_idx of the containing subprogram instead, again leaving it out when the subprogram has no exit, and drop the field along with bpf_clear_insn_aux_data(). The instruction aux data then owns no allocation, thus nothing needs to be freed when insns are removed or the verifier environment is torn down. Subprograms removed as dead code free their table in adjust_subprog_starts_after_remove(), which also clears the slots that the compaction of subprog_info vacates, as they still hold copies of the moved entries and with them their table pointers. check_cfg() is then linear in the number of map entries plus the number of indirect jump edges, so what still scales now with the program is what BPF_MAX_GOTOX_EDGES bounds: gotox map entries edges before after ---------------------------------------------- 500 250000 1000 35.34s 0.07s 1000 250000 2000 82.00s 0.07s 2000 250000 4000 148.62s 0.07s 2000 125000 4000 74.54s 0.05s 2000 500000 4000 342.71s 0.19s Fixes: 493d9e0d6083 ("bpf, x86: add support for indirect jumps") Suggested-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260925175244.1136329-6-daniel@iogearbox.net
2026-09-25bpf: Leave out the hidden exit edge of a subprogram without an exitDaniel Borkmann
visit_abnormal_return_insn() gives tail_call and ld_{abs,ind} insns a second successor, the exit_idx of their subprogram, so that the hidden exit from the subprogram is part of the CFG. check_subprogs() only assigns exit_idx when it walks over a BPF_EXIT, and a subprogram whose last insn jumps back into itself never has one, so exit_idx stays zero and the edge points at insn 0 of the program: 0: r0 = 0 1: r0 = *(u8 *)skb[0] 2: goto -2 For a subprogram other than main, update_insn() then reads the liveness masks at a negative relative index. Such a subprogram can still load when it leaves through a bpf_throw(), so mark exit_idx as unset in that case and leave the hidden edge out, as there is no exit for it to reach. Fixes: e40f5a6bf88a ("bpf: correct stack liveness for tail calls") Fixes: ee861486e377 ("bpf: Fix ld_{abs,ind} failure path analysis in subprogs") Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260925175244.1136329-5-daniel@iogearbox.net
2026-09-25bpf: Bound the number of indirect jump edges in a programDaniel Borkmann
Every gotox instruction gets its own copy of the jump table of the subprog containing it, and each distinct target in that table is a CFG successor of the instruction. The number of such edges is therefore the number of gotox instructions times the number of distinct targets, and neither factor is bounded by anything except the instruction limit. What is expensive is a BPF prog whose gotox instructions are themselves the targets, which makes the edge count quadratic. 1024 such gotox are already ~1e6 edges and about 4s of CPU to load. Bound the total across the program at BPF_COMPLEXITY_LIMIT_INSNS, aka the limit on the number of instructions the verifier processes. Progs with real switch statements are orders of magnitude below this. This bounds the edges only. Building the jump table of a gotox costs the number of entries of all insn array maps regardless of how many distinct targets they hold, which a later patch addresses separately. Fixes: 493d9e0d6083 ("bpf, x86: add support for indirect jumps") Reported-by: STAR Labs SG <info@starlabs.sg> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Acked-by: Anton Protopopov <a.s.protopopov@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260925175244.1136329-3-daniel@iogearbox.net
2026-09-25Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc5.fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull vfs fixes from Christian Brauner: - Revert "put_mnt_ns(): leave mounts connected". This allows the creation of reference count cycles in a very trivial way. We can't bring this in until we have fixed the underlying cause - vfs: Don't create the private nullfs instance for kthreads under namespace_sem to avoid false lockdeps complaints - binfmt_misc: - Copy the name into a stack buffer and look up the copy in bpf_binprm_select_interp() - bpf_binprm_set_interp() and bpf_binprm_set_interp_arg(): Check the private copy instead so the string that gets staged is the kstring that was checked - netfs: - Make netfs_read_gaps() use separate sink folios rather than one reused sink folio to discard unwanted data so that cifs checksum checking sees all the data that was fetched - Trim reads down to i_size so afs symlinks read correctly from the cache - Wrap the direct mempool ->alloc() calls the GFP_KERNEL paths make in alloc_hooks() via a new mempool_alloc_noreserve() helper - iov_iter: Use iov_iter_alignment() for the start and length check added to iov_iter_extract_bvecs() this cycle. It used iter_iov_addr() and iter_iov_len() which are only valid for ITER_UBUF and ITER_IOVEC iterators - super: Make iterate_supers_type() deletion-safe - inode: Stop evict_inodes() from rescanning the same inodes - writeback: Bound the cleanup_offline_cgwb() rescans - ntfs3: Use d_instantiate_new() in ntfs_create_inode() - ovl: Fix a use-after-free in the ovl_do_mkdir() debug print - dcache: Unpoison the inline name buffer in __d_alloc() for KMSAN - autofs: Fix a pipe file reference leak in autofs_kill_sb() - bpf: Drop the path_unlink and path_rmdir hooks from the list of hooks for which the verifier rewrites bpf_{set,remove}_dentry_xattr() to the _locked variants - squashfs: Range check the xz dictionary size before shifting by it - selftests: Add the missing eventfd, open_tree_ns, openat2 and xattr filesystems selftests to TARGETS and drop the stale openat2 entry left behind when those tests moved * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc5.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: netfs: Fix missing alloc tagging of direct mempool allocations bpf: fs/xattr: don't assume the inode is locked in path_unlink/path_rmdir autofs: fix sbi->pipe file reference leak in autofs_kill_sb() dcache: unpoison the inline name buffer in __d_alloc() ovl: fix UAF in ovl_do_mkdir() debug print super: make iterate_supers_type() deletion-safe Revert "put_mnt_ns(): leave mounts connected" Revert "selftests/filesystems: add mntns cleanup test" binfmt_misc: fix racy checks in bpf set_interp kfuncs binfmt_misc: fix OOB read in bpf_binprm_select_interp() fs: don't create the private nullfs mount under namespace_sem writeback: bound cleanup_offline_cgwb() rescans by rotating scanned inodes fs: avoid repeated scans in evict_inodes() netfs, afs: Fix symlink reading netfs: Fix netfs_read_gaps() to use separate sink folios squashfs: Add dictionary size range check to prevent shift-out-of-bounds fs/ntfs3: use d_instantiate_new() in ntfs_create_inode() and murder syzbot's "WARNING in do_new_mount" saga selftests/filesystems: fix missing and stale TARGETS entries block: Fix start and length check added to iov_iter_extract_bvecs()
2026-09-25regulator: 88pm886: Add Vbus regulatorDuje Mihanović
Add support for the PMIC's Vbus regulator. This regulator is mandatory for USB OTG support on boards using the PMIC. Reviewed-by: Karel Balej <balejk@matfyz.cz> Signed-off-by: Duje Mihanović <duje@dujemihanovic.xyz> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260613-88pm886-vbus-v2-3-021dfb02c6bb@dujemihanovic.xyz Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
2026-09-25thermal: fix assorted typos in commentsHemanth Selam
Fix typos in comments, reported by scripts/checkpatch.pl using the misspelling list in scripts/spelling.txt. Only touches comments, no code changes. Signed-off-by: Hemanth Selam <hemanth.selam@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> [ rjw: Subject tweak ] Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260907064725.10686-3-hemanth.selam@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-09-25ACPI: Add stub for acpi_find_child_device()Mario Limonciello
Provide a NULL-returning stub when CONFIG_ACPI is disabled so callers can be compiled without ACPI support. Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-sound/20260925131104.118993-1-arnd@kernel.org/ Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello@amd.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260925162628.4142365-1-mario.limonciello@amd.com Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-09-25driver core/ACPI: Introduce companion_bus_register()Rafael J. Wysocki
The ACPI bus type does not allow drivers to be matched to devices, so the sysfs attributes related to drivers created for it are useless and their existence is confusing. Moreover, it is better to prevent drivers from being registered and looked up for a bus like that. To allow skipping the creation of those sysfs attributes and preventing driver registration and lookup for the ACPI bus type, introduce a "companion" bus type concept and add a special registration function for registering "companion" bus types, companion_bus_register(). The "drivers" directory under the ACPI bus type is still needed because there are versions of systemd that depend on it [1]. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-acpi/SN6PR02MB41575266A4580339E186E5D9D4812@SN6PR02MB4157.namprd02.prod.outlook.com/ [1] Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Tested-by: Michael Kelley <mhklinux@outlook.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Kelley <mhklinux@outlook.com> [ rjw: Add comment regarding drivers_kset creation in bus_register_internal() ] Link: https://patch.msgid.link/12985239.O9o76ZdvQC@rafael.j.wysocki Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-09-25netfs: Fix missing alloc tagging of direct mempool allocationsHao Ge
Commit 1d78d56c43ef ("netfs: Fix folio_queue ENOMEM in writeback by adding a mempool") added a mempool for the folio_queues and made the request, subrequest and folio_queue allocations distinguish between writeback and everything else. Writeback is part of memory reclaim and must not fail due to ENOMEM, so it allocates under GFP_NOFS through mempool_alloc(), which may dip into the pool's reserve and, if that runs empty, wait for elements to be returned. The GFP_KERNEL paths, which can return -ENOMEM to their callers, invoke the pool's ->alloc() callback directly instead. The direct call, however, skips the alloc_hooks() wrapper that the mempool_alloc() macro provides. The pool callbacks, mempool_alloc_slab() and mempool_kmalloc(), call kmem_cache_alloc_noprof() and kmalloc_noprof() and rely on current->alloc_tag having been set by the caller. With CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_DEBUG=y this leads to current->alloc_tag not set WARNING: ./include/linux/alloc_tag.h:161 at __alloc_tagging_slab_alloc_hook alloc_tag was not set WARNING: ./include/linux/alloc_tag.h:166 at __alloc_tagging_slab_free_hook at allocation and free time respectively, as reported when reading files on a CIFS mount. The allocations are also missing from /proc/allocinfo. Wrap the direct ->alloc() invocations in alloc_hooks() with a new mempool_alloc_noreserve() helper in include/linux/mempool.h, next to the other alloc_hooks()-wrapped macros such as mempool_alloc(). The GFP_KERNEL paths keep their failable allocation semantics, they just get tagged now. Fixes: 1d78d56c43ef ("netfs: Fix folio_queue ENOMEM in writeback by adding a mempool") Reported-by: Erhard Furtner <erhard_f@mailbox.org> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/0b004319-9ef7-437c-a4dd-174d6a9a83db@mailbox.org/ Tested-by: Erhard Furtner <erhard_f@mailbox.org> Suggested-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Hao Ge <hao.ge@linux.dev> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260923063759.34667-1-hao.ge@linux.dev Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka (SUSE) <vbabka@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-25fs: remove unused vfs_empty_path()Sang-Heon Jeon
Since commit e896474fe485 ("getname_maybe_null() - the third variant of pathname copy-in"), vfs_empty_path() has no callers. So remove it. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Sang-Heon Jeon <ekffu200098@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260918165105.1013792-1-ekffu200098@gmail.com Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-25VFS: reserve a d_flags bit for fs-specific usageNeilBrown
DCACHE_PRIVATE may be used by any filesystem for its own purposes, much like d_fsdata and d_time. I plan to use this in a similar manner the way nfs stores NFS_FSDATA_BLOCKED in d_fsdata. Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neil@brown.name> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260904215142.1060510-8-neilb@ownmail.net Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-25VFS: add lockdep monitoring of DCACHE_PAR_LOOKUP lock.NeilBrown
DCACHE_PAR_LOOKUP acts like a lock in that threads can block waiting for it to clear. As we plan to make changes to lock order for this lock, teach lockdep to monitor it so as to help detect bugs early. As NFS allocates an in-lookup dentry to unlink a silly-renamed file, and completes the lookup in a different thread, we need interfaces to release and the acquire ownership of the lock. This avoids lockdep complaining that a lock is still held on return to user-space. Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neil@brown.name> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260904215142.1060510-7-neilb@ownmail.net Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-25VFS: Add LOOKUP_SHARED flag.NeilBrown
Some ->lookup handlers will need to drop and retake the parent lock, so they can safely use d_alloc_parallel(). ->lookup can be called with the parent lock either exclusive or shared. A new flag, LOOKUP_SHARED, tells ->lookup how the parent is locked. This is rather ugly, but will be gone soon after we move d_alloc_parallel() out of the directory lock as ->lookup() will *always* called with a shared lock on the parent. Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neil@brown.name> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260904215142.1060510-6-neilb@ownmail.net Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-25VFS: add d_duplicate()NeilBrown
Occasionally a single operation can require two sub-operations on the same name, and it is important that a d_alloc_parallel() (once that can be run unlocked) does not create another dentry with the same name between the operations. Two examples: 1/ rename where the target name (a positive dentry) needs to be "silly-renamed" to a temporary name so it will remain available on the server (NFS and AFS). Here the same name needs to be the subject of one rename, and the target of another. 2/ rename where the subject needs to be replaced with a white-out (shmemfs). Here the same name need to be the subject of a rename and the target of a mknod() In both cases the original dentry is renamed to something else, and a replacement is instantiated, possibly as the target of d_move(), possibly by d_instantiate(). Currently d_alloc() is used to create the dentry and the exclusive lock on the parent ensures no other dentry is created. When d_alloc_parallel() is moved out of the parent lock, this will no longer be sufficient. In particular if the original is renamed away before the new is instantiated, there is a window where d_alloc_parallel() could create another name. "silly-rename" does work in this order. shmemfs whiteout doesn't open this hole but is essentially the same pattern and should use the same approach. The new d_duplicate() creates an in-lookup dentry with the same name as the original dentry, which must be hashed. There is no need to check if an in-lookup dentry exists with the same name as d_alloc_parallel() will never try add one while the hashed dentry exists. Once the new in-lookup is created, d_alloc_parallel() will find it and wait for it to complete, then use it. Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neil@brown.name> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260904215142.1060510-5-neilb@ownmail.net Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-25VFS: introduce d_alloc_trylock()NeilBrown
Several filesystems use the results of readdir to prime the dcache. These filesystems use d_alloc_parallel() which can block if there is a concurrent lookup. Blocking in that case is pointless as the lookup will add info to the dcache and there is no value in the readdir waiting to see if it should add the info too. Also these calls to d_alloc_parallel() are made while the parent directory is locked. A proposed change to locking will lock the parent later, after d_alloc_parallel(). This means it won't be safe to wait in d_alloc_parallel() while holding the directory lock. So this patch introduces d_alloc_trylock() which doesn't block but instead returns ERR_PTR(-EWOULDBLOCK). Filesystems that prime the dcache (smb/client, nfs, fuse, cephfs) can now use that and ignore -EWOULDBLOCK errors as harmless. Unlike d_alloc_parallel(), d_alloc_trylock() calculates the hash and performs a lookup before an allocation, as that is what all callers want. This is done using try_lookup_noperm(), necessitating the inclusion of namei.h in dcache.c. Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neil@brown.name> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260904215142.1060510-4-neilb@ownmail.net Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-09-25soc: qcom: Add QMI TMD support for remote thermal mitigationCasey Connolly
Add support for Qualcomm Messaging Interface (QMI) based Thermal Mitigation Device (TMD) cooling devices provided by remote subsystems. On Qualcomm platforms where remote processors expose mitigation controls through the TMD QMI service, client drivers need support to discover the service, register cooling devices for available mitigation endpoints, and forward cooling state updates to remote subsystems. Signed-off-by: Casey Connolly <casey.connolly@linaro.org> Co-developed-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@oss.qualcomm.com> Signed-off-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@oss.qualcomm.com> Co-developed-by: Gaurav Kohli <gaurav.kohli@oss.qualcomm.com> Signed-off-by: Gaurav Kohli <gaurav.kohli@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260809-b4-qmi-tmd-v8-2-b15d47adc379@oss.qualcomm.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2026-09-25dt-bindings: remoteproc: qcom,pas: add #cooling-cells propertyGaurav Kohli
Document the optional #cooling-cells property for Qualcomm PAS remoteproc nodes so they can be used as thermal cooling devices via the QMI Thermal Mitigation Device (TMD) interface. Qualcomm remote processors expose TMD endpoints that support thermal throttling through firmware. The cooling-device specifier uses 3 cells: <&phandle device_id min_state max_state> where device_id selects the TMD endpoint (for example PA, modem, or CDSP software mitigation), with constants defined in: include/dt-bindings/thermal/qcom,pas.h Example usage in a thermal zone: cooling-maps { map0 { trip = <&cpu_alert>; cooling-device = <&remoteproc_cdsp QCOM_TMD_CDSP_SW 0 THERMAL_NO_LIMIT>; }; }; Reviewed-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzysztof.kozlowski@oss.qualcomm.com> Acked-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@oss.qualcomm.com> Signed-off-by: Gaurav Kohli <gaurav.kohli@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260809-b4-qmi-tmd-v8-1-b15d47adc379@oss.qualcomm.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2026-09-25firmware: xilinx: support RPU boot from DDRTanmay Shah
Cortex-R52 cores can boot from DDR. In such case, elf's boot address will be in the ddr, and it should be passed to the PLM via EEMI call. Add ddr boot config EEMI call before starting RPU to configure the boot address. Also make sure TCM-Boot is support for old platforms as well. Remove HIVEC & LOVEC enum, as now PLM supports boot address directly. Signed-off-by: Tanmay Shah <tanmay.shah@amd.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260803200502.209361-1-tanmay.shah@amd.com Signed-off-by: Michal Simek <michal.simek@amd.com>
2026-09-25firmware: xilinx: ufs: move PHY/SRAM ready polling into the firmware backendMichal Simek
The Versal Gen 2 UFS driver polls the firmware for M-PHY TX/RX configuration readiness and SRAM initialisation completion with two open-coded do/while loops. Each iteration is a full firmware round-trip (PM_IOCTL/IOCTL_READ_REG of a protected PMC_IOU_SLCR register), so the loop can issue up to a million EEMI calls, and it hard-codes the wait policy inside the controller driver. Introduce coarse blocking helpers, zynqmp_pm_wait_mphy_tx_rx_config_ready() and zynqmp_pm_wait_sram_init_done(), that take a caller-supplied timeout budget and contain the poll loop. The loop is EEMI-specific (legacy firmware only exposes the per-read status primitive) so it lives in the firmware driver, keeping the UFS driver backend-agnostic: a future backend can offload the wait to the platform in a single call without touching the controller driver again. The existing per-read primitives stay exported, so the current EEMI interface is unchanged. The timeout budget remains owned by the UFS driver (the consumer that knows the hardware) and is passed down, so EEMI and any future backend stay consistent. Reviewed-by: Sai Krishna Potthuri <sai.krishna.potthuri@amd.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/eaeaaea8ed76069943e0706a0917139ff6569929.1785855749.git.michal.simek@amd.com Signed-off-by: Michal Simek <michal.simek@amd.com>
2026-09-25mtd: nand: qpic_common: drop stray empty line from struct 'bam_transaction'Gabor Juhos
Drop a superfluous empty line from the end of the 'bam_positions' structure group within the 'bam_transaction' structure. No functional changes. Signed-off-by: Gabor Juhos <j4g8y7@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Miquel Raynal <miquel.raynal@bootlin.com>
2026-09-25Merge branch ↵Bjorn Andersson
'20260801-nord_videocc_camcc-v2-1-674d7718e41f@oss.qualcomm.com' into HEAD Merge the Nord video and camera clock controller bindings from a topic branch, in order to use these in DeviceTree source.
2026-09-25Merge branch '20260915-camcc-hawi-v3-1-5b57f45477f1@oss.qualcomm.com' into HEADBjorn Andersson
Merge Hawi camera clock controller from topic branch to gain access to constants.
2026-09-25Merge branch '20260730-gpucc-hawi-v2-1-7bf618ab8a34@oss.qualcomm.com' into HEADBjorn Andersson
Merge Hawi and Maili GPU clock controller bindings through topic branch to gain access to DeviceTree constants.
2026-09-25dt-bindings: clock: Add Amlogic A9 SCMI clock controllerJian Hu
Add the SCMI clock controller dt-bindings for the Amlogic A9 SoC family. Acked-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com> Signed-off-by: Jian Hu <jian.hu@amlogic.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260917-a9_scmi-v3-1-5ad843766774@amlogic.com Signed-off-by: Jerome Brunet <jbrunet@baylibre.com>
2026-09-25tty: add break_wait kernel-docJohan Hovold
Add the missing kernel-doc description for the new break_wait field in struct tty_struct. Fixes: 845a2737e0f5 ("tty: abort break signalling on hangup") Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20d75a7a-2e7a-484f-a267-c21db82dd922@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260925094222.18303-1-johan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2026-09-25iommu/amd: Add PerfOpt IOMMU performance optimization supportMario Limonciello
Add support for the AMD IOMMU Performance Optimization (PerfOpt) feature as defined in the AMD I/O Virtualization Technology (IOMMU) Specification, Section 3.4.9 (MMIO Offset 016Ch). This feature allows privileged integrated I/O devices (GPUs) to bypass the IOMMU when directly accessing system memory. The IOMMU only enforces the IR/IW permission bits without GPA->SPA translations. amd_iommu_enable_perfopt() performs a detach/reattach cycle to rehome devices already on the identity domain with ATS/PRI/PASID/GCR3 disabled (skip_caps path). amd_iommu_disable_perfopt() restores those capabilities. The per-device dev_data->perfopt flag tracks state. PERF_OPT_EN is a single control bit per IOMMU, shared by every device behind that IOMMU, while enablement is requested per device. It is therefore reference counted (amd_iommu->perfopt_refcount): armed on the first requesting device and cleared on the last, so one device's teardown never clears the bit while a peer behind the same IOMMU still needs it. The per-device flag is cleared on every teardown path (blocked_domain_attach, release_device, and amd_iommu_disable_perfopt), dropping the reference with it, so a reused dev_data never carries stale PerfOpt state onto its next bind. On suspend/resume the hardware is reprogrammed from scratch: amd_iommu_perfopt_clear() forces the bit off without touching the reference count, and amd_iommu_perfopt_restore() re-asserts it from the count after early_enable_iommu(), so armed devices keep the optimization across resume without relying on each consumer driver to re-arm. The exported amd_iommu_enable_perfopt()/amd_iommu_disable_perfopt() run only from a consumer driver's bind/unbind path. group->mutex is not exposed to drivers, but a device bound to its native driver cannot have its IOMMU domain changed concurrently by the core, which serializes the detach/attach pair against core-driven attach. PerfOpt is opt-in -- only enabled when explicitly requested by a driver. Tested-by: Derek J. Clark <derekjohn.clark@gmail.com> Co-developed-by: Jatin Kataria <jkataria@netflix.com> Signed-off-by: Jatin Kataria <jkataria@netflix.com> Signed-off-by: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello@amd.com> Tested-by: Boqun Feng (Netflix) <boqun@kernel.org> Acked-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com> [joerg.roedel@amd.com: Fixed build failure on i386] Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-09-24KVM: Allow architectures to disallow pre-faultLorenzo Stoakes (ARM)
All existing architectures which implement KVM pre-fault (x86, s390) have mechanisms for disallowing pre-faulting. Currently these are open coded as part of kvm_arch_vcpu_pre_fault_memory(). Formalise this by moving them into a new kvm_arch_pre_fault_allowed() hook, which every architecture selecting CONFIG_KVM_GENERIC_PRE_FAULT_MEMORY must implement, returning an error code if the operation is disallowed or 0 otherwise. The hook is called early in the generic code, allowing architectures to disallow the operation prior to vCPU load. This is important, as kvm_vcpu_pre_fault_memory() is the only place where generic code can call vcpu_load() on a vCPU that has not yet been initialised. This lays the foundation for a future change which implements pre-faulting for arm64 which needs to disallow the mechanism for uninitialised vCPUs. Suggested-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (ARM) <ljs@kernel.org> Acked-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Reviewed-by: Fuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@linux.dev> Tested-by: Fuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@linux.dev> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260923-kvm-arm-prefault-v4-1-d4b0b4dfa8c3@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
2026-09-24bpf: Return the id scratch to a fixed array sized for the stack budgetKumar Kartikeya Dwivedi
Commit 9f3d900a69be ("bpf: Grow the verifier id scratch on demand") turned the id map comparing the ids of two states, which also serves as the id stack of release_reference() and as the id set of bpf_clear_singular_ids(), into arrays grown on demand, so that the env would not embed a map sized for 2 KiB frames. That gave the map a way to fail, and with it release_reference() and the iterator destroy path an -ENOMEM to hand up, states_equal() a case where states compare unequal for lack of memory, and bpf_clear_singular_ids() a flag to keep every id when the set could not record them all. The env is allocated once per program load, so the map can afford to be sized for the largest state again: MAX_BPF_STACK_SLOTS in each of MAX_CALL_FRAMES frames, which a state on a private stack can reach since every frame there may use the whole budget. That makes the map 34 KiB instead of 10 KiB, a small price per load for having no growth that can fail. Make the map and the set a fixed union in the env again and drop the growth and its failure handling. Suggested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/DLNQW1IRYK94.1DP0M5VKZSY32@gmail.com Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260924193403.3032037-1-memxor@gmail.com
2026-09-24Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/netJakub Kicinski
Cross-merge networking fixes after downstream PR (net-7.3-rc5). Conflicts: drivers/net/mdio/mdio-realtek-rtl9300.c 89a8a1eef2d44 ("net: mdio: realtek-rtl9300: fix RTL931x C22 extended page selection") cc3cb8db1eef9 ("net: mdio: realtek-rtl9300: Add page tracking") https://lore.kernel.org/arUZOqy73bE2pp0w@sirena.org.uk net/8021q/vlan_dev.c cd5dd68267c4 ("vlan: ensure sufficient headroom in vlan_dev_hard_header()") ca6ff8dd70eb ("vlan: annotate data-races in vlan_dev_priv fields") Adjacent changes: net/ipv6/ip6_gre.c dd47bcf279f1 ("ip6_gre: Call ip6erspan_tunnel_unlink_md() in ip6erspan_changelink().") cce829e2aa1d ("ip6_gre: Protect ip6gre_net.tunnels[][] with mutex.") drivers/net/ethernet/meta/fbnic/fbnic_txrx.c b5d9e9d4d0c1 ("eth: fbnic: use the Rx queue napi pointer to find the napi vector") c0aca269ec07 ("eth: fbnic: Make Rx completion coalescing configurable") drivers/net/ethernet/stmicro/stmmac/stmmac_selftests.c d68acbf93531 ("net: stmmac: selftests: Support running selftests on DSA conduits") 85ca3292d7a3 ("net: stmmac: Remove ARP offload code") drivers/net/ethernet/wangxun/libwx/wx_hw.c 3173cba11701 ("net: libwx: fix races in Tx timestamp handling") 7042c8c193e5 ("net: libwx: rename wx_pf_flags to wx_flags") Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-09-24ACPI: fan: Use __free() to simplify AML error handlingRafael J. Wysocki
Introduce acpi_object_free for freeing union acpi_object objects allocated by AML and use it for simplifying AML error handling in the ACPI fan driver. While at it, update the driver to use consistent error values across all function using the union acpi_object data type. Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Armin Wolf <W_Armin@gmx.de> [ rjw: Put the new free definition under CONFIG_ACPI ] Link: https://patch.msgid.link/6029013.DvuYhMxLoT@rafael.j.wysocki Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-09-24bpf: crypto: Use AES-CBC and AES-ECB librariesEric Biggers
BPF crypto was implemented using the lskcipher API, which doesn't seem to be going anywhere. lskcipher supports only ARC4 and block ciphers in CBC and ECB mode, and only with unoptimized implementations. Library APIs also have been found to be a much better approach, for a variety of reasons, including reduced overhead, greater flexibility, and having to be explicit about the crypto algorithms that are supported. We can safely ignore the theoretical ARC4 and non-AES block cipher support in BPF crypto as unused, which leaves AES-CBC and AES-ECB. AES-CBC was stated to be needed for decrypting packets using a homebrew UDP-based protocol (https://lore.kernel.org/r/d1cdfc23-b336-49a9-8833-29f05b5b9fec@linux.dev/). AES-ECB is used by the BPF self-tests, and it was stated to maybe be used in the future for QUIC-LB (https://lore.kernel.org/r/5f9c3aab-5339-463c-a86d-edac297e1e95@linux.dev/). Those reasons don't make much sense either, especially AES-ECB which isn't appropriate in new systems and should be dropped. Regardless, let's assume that both AES-CBC and AES-ECB need to be kept for now. There are library APIs for both of these now, which are much easier to use and more efficient. Reimplement BPF crypto on top of them, greatly simplifying the code. As part of this, the bpf_crypto_type abstraction layer is removed, as it's not useful. This removes the only user of the lskcipher API, so follow-up patches will be able to remove that code as well. Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260924184254.142720-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
2026-09-24clk: tegra: annotate struct tegra210_clk_emc_provider with __counted_by_ptrBill Wendling
Annotate the "configs" pointer field of "struct tegra210_clk_emc_provider" with the "__counted_by_ptr" attribute, allowing the compiler to perform runtime bounds checking on accesses to "configs" based on the value of "num_configs". The "emc->provider.configs = devm_kcalloc(...)" call uses "emc->num_timings" for the number of elements, which is then assigned to "emc->provider.num_configs" before any accesses to "configs". The "num_configs" field isn't modified after assignment. Cc: codemender-patching+linux@google.com Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Bill Wendling <morbo@google.com> Reviewed-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com>